注意缺陷多动障碍在整个生命周期中的流行病学。
Epidemiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across the lifespan.
作者信息
Polanczyk Guilherme, Rohde Luis Augusto
机构信息
ADHD Outpatient Program, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Division, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
出版信息
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;20(4):386-92. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3281568d7a.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Prevalence estimates of the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the rate of persistence of symptoms across the lifespan are heterogeneous, raising questions about the validity of the diagnosis. This review aims to discuss potential reasons for variability in ADHD prevalence estimates and rates of symptom persistence, as well as to present ADHD prevalence rates during the lifespan.
RECENT FINDINGS
The best available estimates of ADHD prevalence are around 5.29% for children and adolescents and 4.4% in adulthood. Estimates of ADHD prevalence and rate of symptom persistence over time seem to be highly affected by methodological characteristics of the studies.
SUMMARY
The review of ADHD epidemiology highlights the need for standardizing study methodologies to make findings comparable. Even so, epidemiological cross-national data seem to support the validity of ADHD.
综述目的
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的患病率估计以及症状在整个生命周期中的持续率存在异质性，这引发了对该诊断有效性的质疑。本综述旨在讨论ADHD患病率估计和症状持续率变异性的潜在原因，并呈现其在整个生命周期中的患病率。
最新发现
ADHD患病率的最佳现有估计值为儿童和青少年约5.29%，成年人为4.4%。ADHD患病率估计值和症状随时间的持续率似乎受到研究方法学特征的高度影响。
总结
ADHD流行病学综述强调了标准化研究方法以使研究结果具有可比性的必要性。即便如此，跨国流行病学数据似乎支持ADHD诊断的有效性。
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