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肉种鸡在产蛋期对光照时长增加并无积极反应。

Broiler breeders do not respond positively to photoperiodic increments given during the laying period.

作者信息

Lewis P D, Gous R M, Ghebremariam W K, Sharp P J

机构信息

Animal and Poultry Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.

出版信息

Br Poult Sci. 2007 Jun;48(3):245-52. doi: 10.1080/00071660701261336.

Abstract
  1. Broiler breeders were given a 3-h increase in photoperiod to 11 h at 20 week and then a series of increases to reach 16 or 17 h either immediately after the initial increment or in 30-min, 1- or 2-h increments starting at various ages after peak rate of lay. Controls were maintained on 11 h from 20 weeks. Changes in plasma LH concentration (after 7 d) were measured in birds that had been transferred to 11 or 16 h at 20 weeks and given further increases in photoperiod at 41 or 61 weeks of age. 2. Birds that were transferred to 16- or 17-h photoperiods, irrespective of when and how the maximum photoperiod was reached, had inferior rates of lay between 52 and 60 weeks of age to birds maintained on 11 h from 20 weeks. However, the 11-h birds laid more eggs on the floor and produced a larger number of cracked and dirty eggs, resulting in similar numbers of settable eggs. 3. Although transferring birds from 11- to 16-h photoperiods at 41 weeks of age significantly increased plasma LH concentration, there was no effect on egg production during the ensuing 12 d. None of the other increases in photoperiod significantly increased plasma LH, whether given at 41 or 61 weeks. 4. It is concluded in broiler breeders, that increases in photoperiod applied during the laying period, from 11 or 16 h, have little or no effect on LH secretion, do not compensate for age-related declines in egg production, and adversely affect rate of lay.
摘要
  1. 肉种鸡在20周龄时给予3小时的光照增加,使光照时长达到11小时,然后在初始增加后立即或在产蛋高峰期后的不同年龄开始以30分钟、1小时或2小时的增量进行一系列增加,直至达到16或17小时。对照组从20周龄开始维持在11小时光照。对20周龄时转移至11小时或16小时光照且在41或61周龄时进一步增加光照时长的鸡,测量其血浆促黄体生成素浓度(7天后)的变化。2. 无论何时以及如何达到最大光照时长,转移至16或17小时光照时长的鸡在52至60周龄时的产蛋率均低于从20周龄开始维持在11小时光照的鸡。然而,11小时光照组的鸡在地面产蛋更多,产出的裂纹蛋和脏蛋数量更多,导致可用于孵化的蛋数量相似。3. 尽管在41周龄时将鸡从11小时光照转移至16小时光照显著增加了血浆促黄体生成素浓度,但在随后的12天内对产蛋量没有影响。在41或61周龄时进行的其他光照增加均未显著增加血浆促黄体生成素。4. 得出结论,在肉种鸡中,产蛋期从11小时或16小时增加光照时长对促黄体生成素分泌几乎没有影响,无法弥补与年龄相关的产蛋量下降,且会对产蛋率产生不利影响。

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