Stancák A, Kuna M, Vishnudevananda S, Dostálek C
Institute of Physiological Regulations, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Praha.
Homeost Health Dis. 1991;33(3):126-34.
We studied cardiovascular and respiratory changes during yogic breathing exercise kapalabhati (KB) in 17 advanced yoga practitioners. The exercise consisted in fast shallow abdominal respiratory movements at about 2 Hz frequency. Blood pressure, ECG and respiration were recorded continuously during three 5 min periods of KB and during pre- and post-KB resting periods. The beat-to-beat series of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), R-R intervals and respiration were analysed by spectral analysis of time series. The mean absolute power was calculated in three frequency bands--band of spontaneous respiration, band of 0.1 Hz rhythm and the low-frequency band greater than 15 s in all spectra. The mean modulus calculated between SBP and R-R intervals was used as a parameter of baroreceptor-cardiac reflex sensitivity (BRS). Heart rate increased by 9 beats per min during KB. SBP and DBP increased during KB by 15 and 6 mmHg respectively. All frequency bands of R-R interval variability were reduced in KB. Also the BRS parameter was reduced in KB. The amplitude of the high-frequency oscillations in SBP and DBP increased during KB. The low-frequency blood pressure oscillations were increased after KB. The results point to decreased cardiac vagal tone during KB which was due to changes in respiratory pattern and due to decreased sensitivity of arterial baroreflex. Decreased respiratory rate and increased SBP and low-frequency blood pressure oscillations after KB suggest a differentiated pattern of vegetative activation and inhibition associated with KB exercise.
我们研究了17名资深瑜伽练习者在进行瑜伽呼吸练习腹式呼吸法（KB）时的心血管和呼吸变化。该练习包括以约2赫兹的频率进行快速浅腹部呼吸运动。在KB的三个5分钟时间段以及KB前后的休息时间段内持续记录血压、心电图和呼吸情况。通过时间序列的频谱分析来分析逐搏的收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）系列、R-R间期和呼吸情况。在三个频段计算平均绝对功率——自发呼吸频段、0.1赫兹节律频段以及所有频谱中大于15秒的低频段。SBP和R-R间期之间计算的平均模量用作压力感受器-心脏反射敏感性（BRS）的参数。在KB期间心率每分钟增加9次。在KB期间SBP和DBP分别升高15和6毫米汞柱。在KB期间R-R间期变异性的所有频段均降低。此外，KB期间BRS参数也降低。在KB期间SBP和DBP的高频振荡幅度增加。KB后低频血压振荡增加。结果表明，KB期间心脏迷走神经张力降低，这是由于呼吸模式的改变以及动脉压力反射敏感性降低所致。KB后呼吸频率降低以及SBP和低频血压振荡增加，提示与KB练习相关的自主神经激活和抑制的差异化模式。
