Verhoef Linda, Depoortere Evelyn, Boxman Ingeborg, Duizer Erwin, van Duynhoven Yvonne, Harris John, Johnsen Christina, Kroneman Annelies, Le Guyader Soizick, Lim Wilina, Maunula Leena, Meldal Hege, Ratcliff Rod, Reuter Gábor, Schreier Eckart, Siebenga Joukje, Vainio Kirsti, Varela Carmen, Vennema Harry, Koopmans Marion
Center for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Feb;14(2):238-43. doi: 10.3201/eid1402.061567.
In June 2006, reported outbreaks of norovirus on cruise ships suddenly increased; 43 outbreaks occurred on 13 vessels. All outbreaks investigated manifested person-to-person transmission. Detection of a point source was impossible because of limited investigation of initial outbreaks and data sharing. The most probable explanation for these outbreaks is increased norovirus activity in the community, which coincided with the emergence of 2 new GGII.4 variant strains in Europe and the Pacific. As in 2002, a new GGII.4 variant detected in the spring and summer corresponded with high norovirus activity in the subsequent winter. Because outbreaks on cruise ships are likely to occur when new variants circulate, an active reporting system could function as an early warning system. Internationally accepted guidelines are needed for reporting, investigating, and controlling norovirus illness on cruise ships in Europe.
2006年6月，游轮上诺如病毒暴发的报告突然增多；13艘船只发生了43起疫情。所有接受调查的疫情均表现为人传人。由于对最初疫情的调查和数据共享有限，无法检测到点源。这些疫情最可能的解释是社区中诺如病毒活动增加，这与欧洲和太平洋地区出现2种新的GGII.4变异株相吻合。与2002年一样，春季和夏季检测到的新GGII.4变异株与随后冬季的高诺如病毒活动相对应。由于新变异株传播时游轮上可能发生疫情，一个活跃的报告系统可作为预警系统发挥作用。欧洲需要制定国际认可的游轮上诺如病毒疾病报告、调查和控制指南。
