Department of Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, P.O. Box 41635-3197, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Midwifery. 2009 Dec;25(6):731-7. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2008.01.004. Epub 2008 Mar 28.
to examine weight retention from early pregnancy to three years postpartum in Iranian women.
a prospective cohort study.
12 health centres selected at random in urban and rural areas in Guilan.
1315 pregnant women (705 in urban areas and 610 in rural areas) who regularly attended health centres for antenatal care and growth monitoring of their babies.
details of weight, height, pregnancy weight gain, body weight at one to three years postpartum, mother's age, parity, duration of any breast feeding, education and employment status of women who carried singleton fetuses and delivered at term were collected at the first antenatal visit. The women were categorised based on their pre-pregnancy body mass index, weight retention at one to three years postpartum, employment status and educational levels.
women who gained more weight than recommended during pregnancy tended to be heavier at three years postpartum than women who gained weight within the recommended ranges during pregnancy (7.0 + or - 5.3 versus 4.8 + or - 6.7 kg; p < 0.0001). Less-educated women were at greater risk for inadequate pregnancy weight gain than other educational groups, and they had less weight retention at three years postpartum than other educational groups. Also, weight retention for primiparous women was higher than that for multiparous women (5.4 + or - 6.6 versus 3.8 + or - 6.3 kg; p < 0.0001). The results of logistic regression analysis revealed that only total pregnancy weight gain was independently related to major weight retention (> or = 4 kg) at three years postpartum (odds ratio 1.34, 95% confidence intervals 1.03-1.74; p = 0.02).
a high body mass index before pregnancy is not associated with increased risk of retaining more weight after pregnancy. On the other hand, total pregnancy weight gain was the most important determinant of weight retention at three years postpartum in this population of Iranian women.
调查伊朗女性从孕早期至产后 3 年的体重保留情况。
前瞻性队列研究。
在城市和农村地区随机选择的 12 个卫生中心。
定期到卫生中心进行产前保健和婴儿生长监测的 1315 名孕妇（城市地区 705 名，农村地区 610 名）。
在第一次产前检查时收集体重、身高、妊娠体重增加、产后 1 至 3 年体重、母亲年龄、产次、任何母乳喂养时间、携带单胎足月分娩的妇女的教育和就业状况等详细信息。根据孕妇的孕前体重指数、产后 1 至 3 年的体重保留情况、就业状况和教育程度对她们进行分类。
怀孕期间体重增加超过推荐量的女性，在产后 3 年时体重往往比怀孕期间体重增加在推荐范围内的女性更重（7.0±5.3 比 4.8±6.7 公斤；p<0.0001）。受教育程度较低的女性比其他教育群体更容易出现妊娠体重不足，且在产后 3 年时体重保留量也低于其他教育群体。此外，初产妇的体重保留量高于多产妇（5.4±6.6 比 3.8±6.3 公斤；p<0.0001）。逻辑回归分析结果显示，只有总孕期体重增加与产后 3 年时体重保留量较大（>或=4 公斤）独立相关（比值比 1.34，95%置信区间 1.03-1.74；p=0.02）。
孕前体重指数较高并不增加产后体重增加的风险。另一方面，在该伊朗人群中，总孕期体重增加是产后 3 年时体重保留的最重要决定因素。
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