用于犬类芽生菌病诊断的抗原和抗体检测
Antigen and antibody testing for the diagnosis of blastomycosis in dogs.
作者信息
Spector D, Legendre A M, Wheat J, Bemis D, Rohrbach B, Taboada J, Durkin M
机构信息
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA.
出版信息
J Vet Intern Med. 2008 Jul-Aug;22(4):839-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0107.x.
BACKGROUND
Early diagnosis and treatment are associated with an improved prognosis in blastomycosis. The diagnosis of blastomycosis may be missed by cytology, histopathology, culture, or serology. An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for detection of Blastomyces dermatitidis galactomannan antigen in body fluids has been used for rapid diagnosis of blastomycosis in humans.
HYPOTHESIS
Measurement of Blastomyces antigen in urine or serum by the MVista Blastomyces antigen EIA is more sensitive than measurement of anti-Blastomyces antibodies for diagnosis of blastomycosis in dogs.
METHODS
Serum and urine samples from 46 dogs with confirmed blastomycosis were tested for Blastomyces antigen and serum was tested for anti-Blastomyces antibodies.
RESULTS
The sensitivity for the detection of antigen in urine was 93.5% and it was 87.0% in serum. The sensitivity of antibody detection by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) was 17.4% and it was 76.1% by EIA. Antigen and antibody decreased during itraconazole treatment.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Antigen detection is a more sensitive test for diagnosis of blastomycosis than antibody testing by AGID, the only commercially available method. Antigen concentrations decreased with treatment.
背景
芽生菌病的早期诊断和治疗与改善预后相关。芽生菌病的诊断可能会被细胞学、组织病理学、培养或血清学检查遗漏。一种用于检测体液中皮炎芽生菌半乳甘露聚糖抗原的酶免疫测定（EIA）已被用于人类芽生菌病的快速诊断。
假设
通过MVista芽生菌抗原EIA检测犬尿液或血清中的芽生菌抗原比检测抗芽生菌抗体对犬芽生菌病的诊断更敏感。
方法
对46只确诊为芽生菌病的犬的血清和尿液样本进行芽生菌抗原检测，并对血清进行抗芽生菌抗体检测。
结果
尿液中抗原检测的灵敏度为93.5%，血清中为87.0%。琼脂凝胶免疫扩散法（AGID）检测抗体的灵敏度为17.4%，EIA法为76.1%。在伊曲康唑治疗期间，抗原和抗体水平下降。
结论及临床意义
对于芽生菌病的诊断，抗原检测比唯一可商购的AGID抗体检测更为敏感。抗原浓度随治疗而降低。
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