Results of surgical treatment in patients with stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer.

From 1973 to March 1989, surgical resection was performed in 83 stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer patients (81% of all admitted stage IIIB patients). There were 2 operative deaths (2.3%), and complete resection was accomplished in 33 patients. The five-year survival rate of the patients undergoing complete resection was 25%, whereas that of the incomplete resection group was nil (p less than 0.05). Among the 26 patients with invasion of mediastinal structures who underwent complete resection, 3 patients survived for over five years. Two had squamous-cell carcinoma and one had adenocarcinoma, and their tumors involved the left atrium, pulmonary arterial trunk, and superior vena cava, respectively. Among the 6 patients with T4 lesions due to carinal invasion, two patients (one with mucoepidermoid carcinoma and one with squamous-cell carcinoma) have survived for over 8 and 4 years, respectively, after complete resection. There were no long-term survivors among the patients with malignant pleural effusion. Pleuropneumonectomy did not improve survival. Extended lymph-node dissection for N3 disease was only commenced in recent years, so it is not yet clear whether it will affect the survival rate or not. However, 6 out of 19 patients who underwent extended lymph-node dissection including the contralateral lymph-node compartments are still alive, with 23 months being the longest survival. To date, there are 6 three-year survivors among our present series of stage IIIB patients who underwent operative treatment. From these results, it can be concluded that stage IIIB patients should not be uniformly excluded from consideration for surgery, but rather should be evaluated with regard to the possibility of performing complete resection.