恶性高血压、重度高血压性视网膜病变和恶性肾小动脉硬化症。

Malignant hypertension, severe hypertensive retinopathy and malignant nephroangiosclerosis.

作者信息

Lourenço Sofia, Murinello António, Loureiro Conceição, Carvalho Fernanda, Colarinho Paula, Ataíde Mónica, Coimbra Elia

机构信息

Serviço de Medicina Interna 1, Hospital de Curry Cabral, Lisboa, Portugal.

出版信息

Rev Port Cardiol. 2008 Mar;27(3):373-9.

PMID:18551923

Abstract

Hypertensive crises are frequent in the emergency room. The term covers a group of syndromes that have in common high blood pressure. When accompanied by acute organ damage, it is known as a hypertensive emergency, as opposed to a hypertensive urgency, in which there is no such damage. One specific type of emergency is malignant hypertension, in which there are exudates and/or retinal hemorrhages or papilledema. Besides effective and prompt treatment, it is mandatory to screen for secondary causes of the hypertension. We present the case of a 40-year-old patient, with no previous history of hypertension, who was admitted for malignant hypertension. In this article we review the pathophysiology, clinical aspects and prognosis of this condition.

摘要

高血压急症在急诊室很常见。该术语涵盖了一组以高血压为共同特征的综合征。当伴有急性器官损害时，称为高血压急症，与之相对的是高血压亚急症，即不存在此类损害的情况。一种特殊类型的急症是恶性高血压，其特征为有渗出物和/或视网膜出血或视乳头水肿。除了有效且迅速的治疗外，筛查高血压的继发性病因也是必不可少的。我们介绍了一例40岁、既往无高血压病史、因恶性高血压入院的患者。在本文中，我们回顾了该疾病的病理生理学、临床特征及预后。