Larney Sarah, Dolan Kate
Program of International Research and Training, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.
Eur Addict Res. 2009;15(2):107-12. doi: 10.1159/000199046. Epub 2009 Feb 2.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Opioid substitution treatment (OST) is an effective treatment for heroin dependence. The World Health Organization has recommended that OST be implemented in prisons because of its role in reducing drug injection and associated problems such as HIV transmission. The aim of this paper was to examine the extent to which OST has been implemented in prisons internationally.
Literature review.
As of January 2008, OST had been implemented in prisons in at least 29 countries or territories. For 20 of those countries, the proportion of all prisoners in OST could be calculated, with results ranging from less than 1% to over 14%. At least 37 countries offer OST in community settings, but not prisons.
This study has identified an increase in the international implementation of OST in prisons. However, there remain large numbers of prisoners who are unable to access OST, even in countries that provide such programs. This raises issues of equivalence of care for prisoners and HIV prevention in prisons.
背景/目的：阿片类药物替代治疗（OST）是治疗海洛因依赖的一种有效疗法。世界卫生组织建议在监狱中实施OST，因为它在减少药物注射及诸如艾滋病毒传播等相关问题方面发挥作用。本文旨在研究OST在国际监狱中的实施程度。
文献综述。
截至2008年1月，至少29个国家或地区的监狱已实施OST。对于其中20个国家，可以计算出接受OST治疗的囚犯在所有囚犯中所占的比例，结果从不到1%到超过14%不等。至少有37个国家在社区环境中提供OST，但不在监狱中提供。
本研究发现监狱中OST的国际实施有所增加。然而，即使在提供此类项目的国家，仍有大量囚犯无法获得OST。这引发了监狱中囚犯护理平等和艾滋病毒预防的问题。
Zotero 插件