Rosenbloom Tova, Sapir-Lavid Yael, Hadari-Carmi Ofri
The Research Institute of Human Factors in Road Safety, Department of Behavioral Studies, College of Management, Academic Studies, Israel.
J Safety Res. 2009;40(1):33-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2008.12.006. Epub 2009 Feb 11.
Social norms for accompanied young children and crossing behaviors were examined in two studies conducted in an Ultra-Orthodox Jewish community in Israel.
In Study 1, road behaviors of young children crossing with and without accompaniment and older children were observed, and the actual social norm for accompanied school children younger than 9-years-old was examined. In Study 2, the perceived norm of accompaniment was tested by questionnaires.
Young children who crossed without accompaniment exhibited poorer crossing skills compared to older children and to young children crossing with accompaniment. In the four locations observed, the actual accompaniment rate ranged between 15%-60%. The perceived social norm for child accompaniment was lower than the actual norm.
The discussion refers to both theoretical issues and their practical implications.
在以色列一个极端正统派犹太社区进行的两项研究中，对陪伴幼儿的社会规范和过马路行为进行了调查。
在研究1中，观察了有陪伴和无陪伴幼儿以及大龄儿童的道路行为，并研究了9岁以下有陪伴学童的实际社会规范。在研究2中，通过问卷调查测试了陪伴的感知规范。
与大龄儿童和有陪伴的幼儿相比，无陪伴过马路的幼儿过马路技能较差。在观察的四个地点，实际陪伴率在15%至60%之间。儿童陪伴的感知社会规范低于实际规范。
讨论涉及理论问题及其实际意义。
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