在下颌后部植入短牙种植体的效果：一项对124例病例的回顾性研究。

Outcomes of placing short dental implants in the posterior mandible: a retrospective study of 124 cases.

作者信息

Grant Bao-Thy N, Pancko Franklin X, Kraut Richard A

机构信息

Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467-2460, USA.

出版信息

J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Apr;67(4):713-7. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2008.11.004.

DOI:10.1016/j.joms.2008.11.004

PMID:19304026

Abstract

PURPOSE

The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the overall success of short dental implants (8 mm in length) placed in the partially or completely edentulous posterior mandible restored with fixed and removable prostheses.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A total of 124 patients had 335 8-mm-long implants placed from May 2005 until June 2007. Of the 124 total patients, 35 were men and 89 were women, with a median age of 56 years and an age range of 18 to 80 years at the time of implant surgery. There were 112 patients who were partially edentulous and 12 who were completely edentulous. Of the patients, 32 had a single implant placed whereas the other 92 had multiple implants placed. One patient had the implants immediately provisionally loaded. All of the implants were restored by use of fixed prostheses. Of these fixed prostheses, 245 were splinted together whereas 75 were restored individually.

RESULTS

A total of 335 short dental implants were placed in 124 patients. Of the 335 implants placed, 331 integrated successfully. In the 2 cases that failed, the sites were grafted with porous hydroxyapatite and platelet-rich plasma. The implants were replaced at 5 months after the initial failure in the first patient and at 7 months in the second patient. These replacement implants integrated and have been restored and in function for more than 16 months. There was 1 fracture of an implant with a restoration. The implant had been restored with an individually fabricated fixed restoration, with the fracture occurring at the head of the implant, requiring removal. The implant and restoration had been in function for 10 months before fracture.There were no other fractures of implants or restorative hardware noted in this study. The survival rate for 8-mm implants placed in the mandible was 99% from stage I surgery to a functional prosthesis for up to 2 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Placement of short dental implants is a predictable treatment method for patients with decreased posterior mandibular bone height.

摘要

目的

本回顾性研究的目的是确定在使用固定和活动修复体修复的部分或完全无牙后下颌骨中植入短牙种植体（长度为8毫米）的总体成功率。

患者与方法

从2005年5月至2007年6月，共有124例患者植入了335颗8毫米长的种植体。在这124例患者中，男性35例，女性89例，种植手术时的中位年龄为56岁，年龄范围为18至80岁。部分无牙患者112例，完全无牙患者12例。其中，32例患者植入了单颗种植体，另外92例患者植入了多颗种植体。1例患者的种植体进行了即刻临时加载。所有种植体均采用固定修复体修复。在这些固定修复体中，245个被联冠修复，75个为单个修复。

结果

124例患者共植入335颗短牙种植体。在植入的335颗种植体中，331颗成功骨结合。在2例失败的病例中，种植部位用多孔羟基磷灰石和富血小板血浆进行了植骨。第一例患者在初次失败后5个月更换了种植体，第二例患者在7个月后更换。这些更换后的种植体成功骨结合，并已完成修复且功能良好超过16个月。有1颗带修复体的种植体发生骨折。该种植体采用单独制作的固定修复体进行修复，骨折发生在种植体头部，需要取出。种植体和修复体在骨折前已功能良好10个月。本研究中未发现其他种植体或修复部件骨折情况。从一期手术到功能修复体使用长达2年，下颌骨中植入的8毫米种植体的存活率为99%。