Kuang Xianghong, Shen Jianjun, Wong Paul K Y, Yan Mingshan
Department of Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, USA.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Jun 5;383(3):368-72. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.04.019. Epub 2009 Apr 11.
Abnormal thymocyte development with thymic lymphomagenesis inevitably occurs in Atm-/- mice, indicating that ATM plays a pivotal role in regulating postnatal thymocyte development and preventing thymic lymphomagenesis. The mechanism for ATM controls these processes is unclear. We have shown previously that c-Myc, an oncoprotein regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is overexpressed in Atm-/- thymocytes. Here, we show that inhibition of mTOR signaling with its specific inhibitor, rapamycin, suppresses normal thymocyte DNA synthesis by downregulating 4EBP1, but not S6K, and that 4EBP1 phosphorylation and cyclin D1 expression are coordinately increased in Atm-/- thymocytes. Administration of rapamycin to Atm-/- mice attenuates elevated phospho-4EBP1, c-Myc and cyclin D1 in their thymocytes, and delays thymic lymphoma development. These results indicate that mTOR downstream effector 4EBP1 is essential for normal thymocyte proliferation, but deregulation of 4EBP1 in Atm deficiency is a major factor driving thymic lymphomagenesis in the animals.
Atm基因敲除小鼠不可避免地会出现胸腺细胞发育异常并伴有胸腺淋巴瘤发生,这表明ATM在调节出生后胸腺细胞发育和预防胸腺淋巴瘤发生中起关键作用。ATM控制这些过程的机制尚不清楚。我们之前已经表明,c-Myc作为一种受雷帕霉素哺乳动物靶蛋白(mTOR)调节的癌蛋白,在Atm基因敲除的胸腺细胞中过表达。在此,我们表明用其特异性抑制剂雷帕霉素抑制mTOR信号传导,通过下调4EBP1而非S6K来抑制正常胸腺细胞的DNA合成,并且在Atm基因敲除的胸腺细胞中4EBP1磷酸化和细胞周期蛋白D1表达协同增加。给Atm基因敲除小鼠施用雷帕霉素可减弱其胸腺细胞中磷酸化4EBP1、c-Myc和细胞周期蛋白D1的升高,并延迟胸腺淋巴瘤的发展。这些结果表明,mTOR下游效应物4EBP1对正常胸腺细胞增殖至关重要,但在Atm基因缺陷中4EBP1的失调是驱动动物胸腺淋巴瘤发生的主要因素。