Rahmani Abderrahmane, Rambaud Olivier, Bourdin Muriel, Mariot Jean-Pierre
Laboratoire Motricité, Interactions, Performance, EA 4334, Université du Maine, Olivier Messiaen Avenue, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09, France.
J Biomech. 2009 Aug 7;42(11):1610-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.04.036. Epub 2009 May 30.
The objective of this study was to design and validate a three degrees of freedom model in the sagittal plane for the bench press exercise. The mechanical model was based on rigid segments connected by revolute and prismatic pairs, which enabled a kinematic approach and global force estimation. The method requires only three simple measurements: (i) horizontal position of the hand (x(0)); (ii) vertical displacement of the barbell (Z) and (iii) elbow angle (theta). Eight adult male throwers performed maximal concentric bench press exercises against different masses. The kinematic results showed that the vertical displacement of each segment and the global centre of mass followed the vertical displacement of the lifted mass. Consequently, the vertical velocity and acceleration of the combined centre of mass and the lifted mass were identical. Finally, for each lifted mass, there were no practical differences between forces calculated from the bench press model and those simultaneously measured with a force platform. The error was lower than 2.5%. The validity of the mechanical method was also highlighted by a standard error of the estimate (SEE) ranging from 2.0 to 6.6N in absolute terms, a coefficient of variation (CV) < or =0.8%, and a correlation between the two scores > or =0.99 for all the lifts (p<0.001). The method described here, which is based on three simple parameters, allows accurate evaluation of the force developed by the upper limb muscles during bench press exercises in both field and laboratory conditions.
本研究的目的是设计并验证一种用于卧推练习的矢状面三自由度模型。该力学模型基于通过旋转和棱柱副连接的刚性节段，这使得能够采用运动学方法并进行整体力估计。该方法仅需要三个简单测量：（i）手的水平位置（x(0)）；（ii）杠铃的垂直位移（Z）和（iii）肘部角度（theta）。八名成年男性投掷运动员针对不同质量进行了最大程度的同心卧推练习。运动学结果表明，每个节段的垂直位移和整体质心跟随被举起质量的垂直位移。因此，质心与被举起质量组合的垂直速度和加速度是相同的。最后，对于每个被举起的质量，由卧推模型计算出的力与用测力平台同时测量的力之间没有实际差异。误差低于2.5%。估计标准误差（SEE）绝对值在2.0至6.6N之间、变异系数（CV）≤0.8%以及所有举重动作中两个得分之间的相关性≥0.99（p<0.001）也突出了该力学方法的有效性。这里描述的基于三个简单参数的方法允许在现场和实验室条件下准确评估卧推练习期间上肢肌肉产生的力。
