[Omega-3 fatty acids: the science and the beliefs].

The importance of Omega-3 fatty acids intake from dietary supplements or from food sources (mainly fish) has recently become "common knowledge" in the mass media as well as in popular science magazines and advertisements. Therefore, the authors wish to review the updated evidence-based literature regarding the relationship between Omega-3 fatty acid intake and morbidity and its preventative effects in cardiovascular, bone, kidney autoimmune, GI tract diseases, CNS and mental diseases, cancer, diabetes, asthma, ophthalmological health, organ transplants and child and maternal health. Recommendations regarding optimal intake of these fatty acids throughout the lifecycle by various health authorities are cited. The conclusion presents the authors' recommendations for optimal Omega-3 intake in Israel: Recommendations for the general population is to consume at least two weekly portions of fatty fish. For patients with hypertriglyceridemia, dietary supplements containing fish oil, in addition to the above diet, can be considered to be part of the complete medical treatment and follow-up. Limiting fish consumption in risk group populations, such as pregnant women, will also be considered.