飞蓬和一年蓬根部挥发油的化学成分
Chemical composition of the essential oils from the roots of Erigeron acris L. and Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers.
作者信息
Nazaruk Jolanta, Kalemba Danuta
机构信息
Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2a Str. 15-089 Białystok, Poland.
出版信息
Molecules. 2009 Jul 9;14(7):2458-65. doi: 10.3390/molecules14072458.
The chemical compositions of essential oils from the roots of Erigeron acris and Erigeron annuus were studied. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in 1.0% and 0.05% yield, respectively, and analyzed by GC, GC-MS. Fifty four and forty seven constituents were identified. Predominant constituents of both oils were poly-acetylene esters: (Z,Z)-matricaria ester (49.4% and 45.9%, respectively) and (Z)-lachnophyllum ester (37.2% and 27.5%, respectively), that were accompanied by their stereoisomers as well as appropriate lactones. Polyacetylenic compounds amounted to 92.1% of E. acris oil and 85.8% of E. annuus oil. Both oils contained the same monoterpene hydrocarbons, amounting to 4.2% and 5.8%, respectively, and traces of almost the same monoterpene oxygenated compounds. The dominant sesquiterpenes in E. acris were elemenes and tricyclic sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, while in E. annuus beta-sesquiphellandrene and beta-bisabolene dominated. After flash chromatography of essential oil from E. acris, fractions contained acetylene esters and acetylene lactones were obtained. The configuration about double bonds for these compounds has been elucidated on the basis of (1)H- and (13)C-NMR analysis.
对飞蓬和一年蓬根部精油的化学成分进行了研究。通过水蒸馏法分别以1.0%和0.05%的产率获得了精油，并采用气相色谱（GC）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）进行分析。鉴定出了54种和47种成分。两种精油的主要成分均为聚乙炔酯：（Z,Z）-母菊酯（分别为49.4%和45.9%）和（Z）-毛叶艾菊酯（分别为37.2%和27.5%），它们伴有各自的立体异构体以及相应的内酯。聚乙炔类化合物在飞蓬精油中占92.1%，在一年蓬精油中占85.8%。两种精油含有相同的单萜烃类，分别占4.2%和5.8%，以及痕量的几乎相同的单萜氧化合物。飞蓬中主要的倍半萜是榄香烯和三环倍半萜烃类，而一年蓬中则以β-倍半水芹烯和β-没药烯为主。对飞蓬精油进行快速柱色谱分离后，得到了含有乙炔酯和乙炔内酯的馏分。基于氢核磁共振（¹H-NMR）和碳核磁共振（¹³C-NMR）分析阐明了这些化合物双键的构型。
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