Successful management by provocative angiography and endovascular stent of Ureteroarterial fistula in a patient with a long-term indwelling ureteral stent.

We present the clinical course of a ureteroiliac arterial fistula in a patient who had been managed by ureteral stenting for 8 years for severe ureteral stricture after abdominoperineal resection with pelvic irradiation for advanced rectal cancer. A multidisciplinary team approach including provocative angiography and an endovascular stent saved the life of the patient. Ureteroarterial fistula is a rare complication of a long-term indwelling ureteral stent that is potentially fatal unless a prompt diagnosis and adequate therapy are provided. Heightened awareness and a high index of suspicion for this condition are required to make an early diagnosis.