医患沟通与智障人士——一项定性研究。
Doctor-patient communication with people with intellectual disability--a qualitative study.
机构信息
Department of General Practice, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI) Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Fam Pract. 2009 Dec 17;10:82. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-10-82.
BACKGROUND
People with intellectual disability (ID) expressed dissatisfaction with doctor-patient communication and mentioned certain preferences for this communication (our research). Since many people with ID in the Netherlands have recently moved from residential care facilities to supported accommodations in the community, medical care for them was transferred from ID physicians (IDPs) to general practitioners (GPs) in the vicinity of the new accommodation. We addressed the following research question: 'What are the similarities and differences between the communication preferences of people with ID and the professional criteria for doctor-patient communication by GPs?'
METHODS
A focus group meeting and interviews were used to identify the preferences of 12 persons with ID for good communication with their GP; these were compared with communication criteria used to assess trainee GPs, as described in the MAAS-Global manual.
RESULTS
Eight preferences for doctor-patient communication were formulated by the people with ID. Six of them matched the criteria used for GPs. Improvements are required as regards the time available for consultation, demonstrating physical examinations before applying them and triadic communication.
CONCLUSIONS
People with ID hold strong views on communication with their doctors during consultations. GPs, people with ID and their support workers can further fine-tune their communication skills.
背景
智障人士（ID）对医患沟通表示不满，并提到对这种沟通的某些偏好（我们的研究）。由于荷兰的许多智障人士最近已从住宿护理设施转移到社区的支持性住所，他们的医疗护理已从智障医生（IDP）转移到附近的全科医生（GP）。我们提出了以下研究问题：“智障人士的沟通偏好与 GP 的医患沟通专业标准有何异同？”
方法
采用焦点小组会议和访谈的方式，确定了 12 名智障人士与 GP 进行良好沟通的偏好；将这些偏好与 MAAS-Global 手册中描述的用于评估实习 GP 的沟通标准进行了比较。
结果
智障人士提出了八项医患沟通偏好。其中有六项与 GP 使用的标准相匹配。在咨询时间、在应用之前演示身体检查和三方沟通方面需要改进。
结论
智障人士对就诊期间与医生的沟通有强烈的看法。GP、智障人士及其支持人员可以进一步调整他们的沟通技巧。
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