University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH.
BMJ. 2010 Feb 16;340:c478. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c478.
To determine whether the UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) adds value to the selection process for school leaver applicants to medical and dental school, and in particular whether UKCAT can reduce the socioeconomic bias known to affect A levels.
Cohort study
Applicants to 23 UK medical and dental schools in 2006.
9884 applicants who took the UKCAT in the UK and who achieved at least three passes at A level in their school leaving examinations (53% of all applicants).
Independent predictors of obtaining at least AAB at A level and UKCAT scores at or above the 30th centile for the cohort, for the subsections and the entire test.
Independent predictors of obtaining at least AAB at A level were white ethnicity (odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval 1.41 to 1.77), professional or managerial background (1.39, 1.22 to 1.59), and independent or grammar schooling (2.26, 2.02 to 2.52) (all P<0.001). Independent predictors of achieving UKCAT scores at or above the 30th centile for the whole test were male sex (odd ratio 1.48, 1.32 to 1.66), white ethnicity (2.17, 1.94 to 2.43), professional or managerial background (1.34, 1.17 to 1.54), and independent or grammar schooling (1.91, 1.70 to 2.14) (all P<0.001). One major limitation of the study was that socioeconomic status was not volunteered by approximately 30% of the applicants. Those who withheld socioeconomic status data were significantly different from those who provided that information, which may have caused bias in the analysis.
UKCAT was introduced with a high expectation of increasing the diversity and fairness in selection for UK medical and dental schools. This study of a major subgroup of applicants in the first year of operation suggests that it has an inherent favourable bias to men and students from a higher socioeconomic class or independent or grammar schools. However, it does provide a reasonable proxy for A levels in the selection process.
确定英国临床能力倾向测验（UKCAT）是否为中学毕业生申请医学和牙科学院的选拔过程增加了价值，特别是 UKCAT 是否可以减少已知会影响 A 级成绩的社会经济偏见。
队列研究
2006 年 23 所英国医学和牙科学院的申请人。
9884 名在英国参加 UKCAT 考试并在离校考试中至少获得三个 A 级成绩的申请人（占所有申请人的 53%）。
获得至少 AAB 级成绩和 UKCAT 成绩达到或高于队列、各部分和整个考试第 30 百分位的独立预测因素。
获得至少 AAB 级成绩的独立预测因素是白人种族（优势比 1.58，95%置信区间 1.41 至 1.77）、专业或管理背景（1.39，1.22 至 1.59）和独立或文法学校教育（2.26，2.02 至 2.52）（均<0.001）。达到整个测试 UKCAT 成绩达到或高于第 30 百分位的独立预测因素是男性（优势比 1.48，1.32 至 1.66）、白人种族（2.17，1.94 至 2.43）、专业或管理背景（1.34，1.17 至 1.54）和独立或文法学校教育（1.91，1.70 至 2.14）（均<0.001）。该研究的一个主要限制是，大约 30%的申请人没有自愿提供社会经济地位信息。那些隐瞒社会经济地位数据的人与提供该信息的人有显著差异，这可能导致分析存在偏差。
UKCAT 的引入是为了提高英国医学和牙科学院选拔的多样性和公平性，抱有很高的期望。本研究对运营第一年的主要申请人亚组进行了研究，表明它对男性和来自较高社会经济阶层或独立或文法学校的学生存在固有的有利偏见。然而，它确实为选拔过程中的 A 级成绩提供了合理的替代。
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