Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, A2200 MCN, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2010 Mar;24(1):43-55. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2009.10.012.
Francisella tularensis is a zoonotic infection that can be acquired in multiple ways, including a bite from an arthropod, the handling of animal carcasses, consumption of contaminated food and water, or inhalation of infected particles. The most virulent subspecies of F tularensis is type A, which is almost exclusively seen in North America. Pneumonia can occur in tularemia, as either a primary process from direct inhalation, or as a secondary manifestation of ulceroglandular or typhoidal disease. This article describes the history of this infection, epidemiology, methods of diagnosis and treatment, and its potential as a bioterrorism weapon.
土拉弗朗西斯菌是一种人畜共患病,可以通过多种途径获得,包括被节肢动物咬伤、处理动物尸体、食用受污染的食物和水,或吸入受感染的颗粒。土拉弗朗西斯菌毒力最强的亚种是 A 型,几乎只存在于北美洲。肺炎可发生于土拉弗朗西斯菌感染,无论是直接吸入引起的原发性过程,还是溃疡腺型或伤寒型疾病的继发性表现。本文描述了这种感染的历史、流行病学、诊断和治疗方法,以及其作为生物恐怖主义武器的潜力。