Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy.
Vet Microbiol. 2010 Jun 16;143(1):81-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.02.016. Epub 2010 Feb 12.
Only limited information is available on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) in domestic buffalos. In this study, a virulent BoHV-1 field strain isolated from cattle was inoculated into buffaloes to evaluate their susceptibility to the virus and to investigate the establishment of viral latency through clinical, virological and serological investigations. Latency was also studied by attempting viral reactivation using pharmacological induction. Six of seven male, 5 months old buffaloes were intranasally inoculated with BoHV-1; the other animal was kept as negative control. The animals were clinically monitored during the post-infection (P.I.) and the post-pharmacological induction (P.P.) periods. During these periods, nasal and rectal swabs, and blood samples, with and without anticoagulant, were collected at 2-3 day intervals. On culling the animals, 206 days P.I., their trigeminal ganglia and tonsils were collected. No clinical signs referable to BoHV-1 were observed throughout the experimental period. However, seropositivity was detected in all infected animals within day 20 P.I., using BoHV-1 glycoprotein E and glycoprotein B competitive ELISAs (IDEXX) and virus neutralisation test. In real-time PCR (RT-PCR), five of these animals were positive, at least once, for nasal or rectal swabs, during the P.I. period. The sixth infected animal was found positive only in the trigeminal ganglia after culling. Ganglia were also positive for two other animals. Virus isolation in permissive cell-lines was successful for a part of the RT-PCR positive samples. The detected viruses were confirmed by genetic analysis as identical to the inoculated strain. No evidence of infection was observed in the negative control. This study represents the first experimental transmission of BoHV-1 in buffaloes, confirming their susceptibility to infection and their possible role as host/reservoirs of BoHV-1.
关于牛疱疹病毒 1（BoHV-1）在国内水牛中的流行病学和发病机制，仅有有限的信息。在这项研究中，从牛中分离出一种强毒 BoHV-1 田间株，将其接种给水牛，以评估它们对该病毒的易感性，并通过临床、病毒学和血清学研究来调查病毒潜伏的建立。还通过尝试使用药物诱导来进行病毒再激活来研究潜伏性。将 7 头雄性、5 月龄水牛鼻内接种 BoHV-1；另一只动物作为阴性对照。在感染后（P.I.）和药物诱导后（P.P.）期间对动物进行临床监测。在此期间，每隔 2-3 天采集鼻拭子和直肠拭子以及带和不带抗凝剂的血液样本。在宰杀动物时，在 P.I.后 206 天，收集其三叉神经节和扁桃体。在整个实验期间，未观察到与 BoHV-1 相关的临床症状。然而，在 P.I.后 20 天内，使用 BoHV-1 糖蛋白 E 和糖蛋白 B 竞争 ELISA（IDEXX）和病毒中和试验，所有感染动物均检测到血清阳性。在实时 PCR（RT-PCR）中，在 P.I.期间，这些动物中有 5 只至少一次在鼻拭子或直肠拭子中呈阳性。第六只感染动物仅在宰杀后在三叉神经节中呈阳性。其他两只动物的神经节也呈阳性。部分 RT-PCR 阳性样本的病毒在许可细胞系中的分离是成功的。通过遗传分析证实，所检测到的病毒与接种株完全相同。阴性对照中未观察到感染的证据。本研究代表了 BoHV-1 在水牛中的首次实验性传播，证实了它们对感染的易感性，以及它们作为 BoHV-1 的宿主/储主的可能作用。
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