不同直径牙根形种植体的临床效果：5 年结果。

Clinical outcome of root-shaped dental implants of various diameters: 5-year results.

机构信息

Department of Prosthodontics, University of Vienna, Austria.

出版信息

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010 Mar-Apr;25(2):357-66.

PMID:20369096

Abstract

PURPOSE

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term survival and success rates of screw-type root-shaped (Camlog) implants of various diameters and their implant-prosthodontic reconstructions for more than 5 years of clinical use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A retrospective study of patients receiving root-shaped screw-type dental implants placed between May 2001 and July 2003 was conducted. The cumulative implant survival and success rates and peri-implant conditions (marginal bone loss, pocket depth, Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Bleeding Index) as well as the prosthodontic maintenance requirements were evaluated.

RESULTS

In all, 541 implants (3.8 mm: 237 implants; 4.3 mm: 211 implants, 5/6 mm: 93 implants) were placed and restored for implant prosthodontic rehabilitation in 216 patients (134 women, 82 men; mean age 54.3 +/- 9.1 years). Of the original 216 patients enrolled, 198 (91.6%; 510/541 implants [94.2%]) were available for a follow-up evaluation after 5 to 7 years (mean follow-up, 68.8 +/- 7.4 months). The overall cumulative 5-year survival and success rates were 98.3% and 97.3%, respectively. A failure rate of 3.7% (9/237) was seen for 3.8-mm-diameter implants; the corresponding figures for the 4.3-mm and wide-diameter (5.0/6.0-mm) implants were 1.4% (3/211) and 1.0% (1/93), respectively. For implants classified as successful, the average peri-implant marginal bone resorption value was 1.8 +/- 0.4 mm, with no differences among the different implant diameters evaluated. Peri-implant soft tissue conditions such as plaque, bleeding, and pocket depth were also satisfactory. All prostheses were functional throughout the observation period, with no fractures of implants, abutments, or screws. Abutment screw (4.5%) or isolated crown loosening (9.8%) for single-tooth restorations requiring recementation, retightening of screws, and adaptation of removable prostheses were the most frequent prosthodontic maintenance needs.

CONCLUSION

The root-shaped implants and the associated prosthetic constructions used in this study showed excellent survival and success rates.

摘要

目的

本回顾性研究旨在评估各种直径的螺钉式根形（Camlog）种植体的长期存活率和成功率，以及超过 5 年临床使用的种植体-修复体重建的情况。

材料与方法

对 2001 年 5 月至 2003 年 7 月期间接受根形螺钉式牙种植体植入的患者进行回顾性研究。评估累积种植体存活率和成功率，以及种植体周围状况（边缘骨丧失、袋深、菌斑指数、牙龈指数、出血指数）和修复体维护需求。

结果

共植入并修复了 541 枚种植体（3.8mm：237 枚；4.3mm：211 枚，5/6mm：93 枚），用于 216 名患者（134 名女性，82 名男性；平均年龄 54.3±9.1 岁）的种植体修复治疗。在最初纳入的 216 名患者中，198 名（91.6%；510/541 枚种植体[94.2%]）在 5 至 7 年后接受了随访评估（平均随访时间为 68.8±7.4 个月）。总的 5 年累积存活率和成功率分别为 98.3%和 97.3%。3.8mm 直径种植体的失败率为 3.7%（9/237）；4.3mm 和宽直径（5.0/6.0mm）种植体的相应失败率分别为 1.4%（3/211）和 1.0%（1/93）。对于被归类为成功的种植体，平均种植体周围边缘骨吸收值为 1.8±0.4mm，不同直径的种植体之间没有差异。种植体周围软组织状况如菌斑、出血和袋深也令人满意。所有的修复体在整个观察期间都能正常使用，没有发生种植体、基台或螺丝的断裂。单颗牙修复体需要重新粘结、拧紧螺丝和调整可摘义齿时，最常见的修复体维护需求是基台螺丝（4.5%）或单独牙冠松动（9.8%）。