Pena A, Pina J, Silva L J G, Meisel L, Lino C M
Group of Bromatology - CEF, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
J Environ Monit. 2010 Mar;12(3):642-6. doi: 10.1039/b915676c. Epub 2009 Dec 2.
To trace the contamination and evaluate the environmental impact of piggeries, the occurrence of norfloxacin (NOR), ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), enrofloxacin (ENRO) and sarafloxacin (SARA) residues were evaluated in water for swine consumption, piggeries' wastewaters, drainage waters and a river receiving piggery effluents. Water samples were acidified before being percolated through Oasis HLB cartridges or through a tandem system consisting of strong anion-exchange and Oasis HLB cartridges. A liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FD) method developed in previous studies, based on the use of a monolithic column, was successfully applied. NOR, CIPRO, ENRO and SARA had good linear responses, with mean regression coefficients higher than 0.9989. The limits of quantification (LOQ) for waters for swine consumption, and a river receiving piggery effluents, were 0.025 ug L(-1) for NOR, CIPRO and ENRO and 0.05 ug L(-1) for SARA. For wastewaters and drainage waters, the LOQs were 0.05 ug L(-1) for CIPRO and ENRO and 0.1 ug L(-1) for SARA. Recoveries obtained for spiked samples ranged from 70.8 to 89.1%, and precision data were under 12.7%. The method was successfully applied to 18 environmental water samples, collected from piggeries in Alentejo, Portugal, and the first Portuguese data are presented. ENRO was detected in a total of 8 samples, at concentrations ranging between 0.31 microg L(-1) and 63 microg L(-1). CIPRO, its degradation product, and SARA were present in 2 samples, in the ranges 0.48-0.83 microg L(-1) and 1.8-14 microg L(-1), respectively. No fluoroquinolones were detected in the waters for swine consumption or in the river water samples.
为追踪养猪场的污染物并评估其对环境的影响，对供猪饮用的水、养猪场废水、排水以及接纳养猪场废水的河流中的诺氟沙星（NOR）、环丙沙星（CIPRO）、恩诺沙星（ENRO）和沙拉沙星（SARA）残留情况进行了评估。水样在通过Oasis HLB柱或由强阴离子交换柱和Oasis HLB柱组成的串联系统进行渗滤之前先进行酸化处理。此前研究中开发的基于整体柱使用的液相色谱-荧光检测（LC-FD）方法得到成功应用。NOR、CIPRO、ENRO和SARA具有良好的线性响应，平均回归系数高于0.9989。供猪饮用的水以及接纳养猪场废水的河流中，NOR、CIPRO和ENRO的定量限（LOQ）为0.025 μg L⁻¹，SARA的定量限为0.05 μg L⁻¹。对于废水和排水，CIPRO和ENRO的定量限为0.05 μg L⁻¹，SARA的定量限为0.1 μg L⁻¹。加标样品的回收率在70.8%至89.1%之间，精密度数据低于12.7%。该方法成功应用于从葡萄牙阿连特茹地区养猪场采集的18个环境水样，并给出了首批葡萄牙数据。总共在8个样品中检测到ENRO，浓度范围在0.31 μg L⁻¹至63 μg L⁻¹之间。CIPRO及其降解产物以及SARA存在于2个样品中，浓度范围分别为0.48 - 0.83 μg L⁻¹和1.8 - 14 μg L⁻¹。在供猪饮用的水或河水样品中未检测到氟喹诺酮类药物。
