墨西哥青少年的能量和营养素摄入量：2006 年墨西哥国家健康和营养调查分析。
Energy and nutrient intake in Mexican adolescents: analysis of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006.
机构信息
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
出版信息
Salud Publica Mex. 2009;51 Suppl 4:S551-61. doi: 10.1590/s0036-36342009001000010.
OBJECTIVE
To describe energy and nutrient intake and adequacy percentages in Mexican adolescents included in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006 (ENSANUT 2006) as well as the proportion of population at risk of dietary inadequacy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Data were analyzed from 7-day food-frequency questionnaires for 8442 male and female adolescents 12-19 years old. Energy and nutrient adequacies as percentage of the Estimated Average Requirement were calculated and comparisons were done by region, residence area, and socioeconomic status (SES).
RESULTS
Energy intake was 1903 kcal [adequacy percentage (AP=75%)] in boys, and 1 571 kcal (AP=79.2%) in girls. Intake of most nutrients (zinc, iron, vitamin C and A) was lower in subjects of low SES, living in the southern region and in rural areas.
CONCLUSIONS
The rural area, the southern region, and the lower socioeconomic status show the lowest intakes and percentages of nutrient adequacy for both male and female adolescents, in particular vitamin A, folates, heme iron, zinc, and calcium.
目的
描述 2006 年墨西哥全国健康和营养调查（ENSANUT 2006）中纳入的墨西哥青少年的能量和营养素摄入量及充足百分比，以及存在饮食不足风险的人群比例。
材料和方法
对 7 天食物频率问卷中 8442 名 12-19 岁男女性青少年进行了数据分析。根据估计平均需求量计算了能量和营养素的充足百分比，并按地区、居住区域和社会经济地位（SES）进行了比较。
结果
男孩的能量摄入量为 1903 千卡（充足百分比[AP=75%]），女孩为 1571 千卡（AP=79.2%）。来自低 SES、生活在南部地区和农村地区的受试者摄入的大多数营养素（锌、铁、维生素 C 和 A）较少。
结论
农村地区、南部地区和较低的社会经济地位表明，男女性青少年的营养素摄入量和充足百分比最低，特别是维生素 A、叶酸、血红素铁、锌和钙。
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