Department of Exercise, Sport, and Leisure Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-2700, USA.
Phys Ther. 2010 Aug;90(8):1123-34. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20080281. Epub 2010 Jun 17.
Biofeedback has been used in rehabilitation settings for gait retraining.
The purpose of this review was to summarize and synthesize the findings of studies involving real-time kinematic, temporospatial, and kinetic biofeedback. The goal was to provide a general overview of the effectiveness of these forms of biofeedback in treating gait abnormalities.
Articles were identified through searches of the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials. All searches were limited to the English language and encompassed the period from 1965 to November 2007.
Titles and abstracts were screened to identify studies that met the following requirements: the study included the use of kinematic, temporospatial, or kinetic biofeedback during gait training, and the population of interest showed abnormal movement patterns as a result of a pathology or injury.
All articles that met the inclusion criteria were assessed by use of the Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies.
Seven articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Effect sizes were calculated for the primary outcome variables for all studies that provided enough data. Effect sizes generally suggested moderate to large treatment effects for all methods of biofeedback during practice.
Several of the studies lacked adequate randomization; therefore, readers should exercise caution when interpreting authors' conclusions.
Each biofeedback method appeared to result in moderate to large treatment effects immediately after treatment. However, it is unknown whether the effects were maintained. Future studies should ensure adequate randomization of participants and implementation of motor learning concepts and should include retention testing to assess the long-term success of biofeedback and outcome measures capable of demonstrating coordinative changes in gait and improvement in function.
生物反馈已被应用于康复环境中的步态再训练。
本综述的目的是总结和综合涉及实时运动学、时空和动力学生物反馈的研究结果。目标是提供这些生物反馈形式在治疗步态异常方面的有效性的总体概述。
通过对以下数据库的搜索确定了文章：MEDLINE、CINAHL（护理和相关健康文献累积索引）和 Cochrane 对照试验中心注册。所有搜索均限于英语，并涵盖了 1965 年至 2007 年 11 月的时期。
筛选标题和摘要以确定符合以下要求的研究：研究在步态训练期间使用运动学、时空或动力学生物反馈，并且感兴趣的人群由于病理或损伤而表现出异常运动模式。
所有符合纳入标准的文章均使用非随机研究方法学指数进行评估。
有 7 篇文章符合纳入标准并包含在综述中。为所有提供足够数据的研究提供了主要结果变量的效应量。对于所有生物反馈方法，效应量普遍表明在练习期间治疗效果中等至较大。
有几项研究缺乏充分的随机分组；因此，读者在解释作者的结论时应谨慎。
每种生物反馈方法似乎在治疗后立即产生中等至较大的治疗效果。然而，尚不清楚这些效果是否得以维持。未来的研究应确保参与者的充分随机分组以及运动学习概念的实施，并包括保留测试，以评估生物反馈和能够展示步态协调变化和功能改善的结果测量的长期成功。
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