使用来自马其顿西部和希腊北部的地衣对铯-137 进行监测。
Cesium-137 monitoring using lichens from W. Macedonia, N. Greece.
机构信息
Department of Botany, University of Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
出版信息
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2010 Oct;73(7):1789-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.07.011. Epub 2010 Aug 14.
(137)Cs content in lichens and substrate (soil, bark) collected from W. Macedonia, Greece was measured 20 years after the Chernobyl reactor accident. Archive material from previous collections was also used for comparison and a diachronic estimation of the radio-contamination status. A gradual decrease was detected which depended on various factors such as the collected species, location, growth rate and substrate. Maximum accumulation capacity of (137)Cs was observed in epilithic lichens in comparison to epigeic or epiphytic ones. Furthermore, foliose or crustose lichens such as Parmelia sulcata, Xanthoria parietina, Xanthoria calcicola, Xanthoparmelia somloensis were more contaminated than filamentose at the same biotope. Among filamentose or fruticose species those with large surface area to biomass ratio e.g. Usnea sp. showed also greater accumulation capacity. Autoradiography revealed an amount of (137)Cs distributed more or less uniformly in lichen thalli. The high (137)Cs activities found in lichens 20 years after Chernobyl suggest that these primitive plants are effective, suitable and inexpensive biological detectors of the distribution and burden of fallout radionuclide fallout pattern.
（137）Cs 在西马其顿（希腊）采集的地衣和基质（土壤、树皮）中的含量，是在切尔诺贝利反应堆事故发生 20 年后测量的。此外，还使用了以前收集的档案材料进行比较，并对放射性污染状况进行了历时估量。结果发现，（137）Cs 的含量逐渐减少，这取决于收集的物种、位置、增长率和基质等各种因素。与地衣或附生地衣相比，叶状或壳状地衣（如 Parmelia sulcata、Xanthoria parietina、Xanthoria calcicola、Xanthoparmelia somloensis）的（137）Cs 积累能力更强。此外，在同一生物区系中，丝状或灌木状地衣（如 Parmelia sulcata、Xanthoria parietina、Xanthoria calcicola、Xanthoparmelia somloensis）比丝状或灌木状地衣（如 Parmelia sulcata、Xanthoria parietina、Xanthoria calcicola、Xanthoparmelia somloensis）的丝状或灌木状地衣（如 Parmelia sulcata、Xanthoria parietina、Xanthoria calcicola、Xanthoparmelia somloensis）更具污染性。在丝状或灌木状物种中，那些比生物量表面积比大的物种，例如 Usnea sp.，也表现出更强的积累能力。放射自显影显示，（137）Cs 在地衣组织中分布或多或少均匀。在切尔诺贝利事故发生 20 年后，地衣中发现的高（137）Cs 活度表明，这些原始植物是有效、合适且廉价的生物探测器，可用于探测沉降放射性核素的分布和负荷模式。
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