Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. natalie_leland%
Gerontologist. 2011 Apr;51(2):190-200. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnq086. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
To determine whether reported falls at baseline are associated with an older adult's decision to make a residential adjustment (RA) and the type of adjustment made in the subsequent 2 years.
Observations (n = 25,036) were from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of community-living older adults, 65 years of age and older. At baseline, fall history (no fall, 1 fall no injury, 2 or more falls no injury, or 1 or more falls with an injury) and factors potentially associated with RA were used to predict the initiation of an RA (i.e., moving, home modifications, increased use of adaptive equipment, family support, or personal care assistance) during the subsequent 2 years.
Compared with those with no history of falls, individuals with a history of falls had higher odds of making any RA. Among those making an RA, individuals with an injurious fall were more likely than those with no history of a fall to start using adaptive equipment or increase their use of personal care assistance.
The higher initiation of RAs among fallers may indicate proactive steps to prevent future falls and may be influenced by interactions with the health care system. To optimize fall prevention efforts, older adults would benefit from education and interventions addressing optimal use of RAs before falls occur.
确定老年人在基线时报告的跌倒是否与他们做出居住调整（RA）的决定以及在随后的 2 年内进行的调整类型有关。
观察（n=25036）来自健康与退休研究，这是一项针对社区居住的老年人群体的全国代表性样本，年龄在 65 岁及以上。在基线时，使用跌倒史（无跌倒、无伤害的 1 次跌倒、无伤害的 2 次或更多次跌倒或有伤害的 1 次或更多次跌倒）和可能与 RA 相关的因素来预测在随后的 2 年内是否会开始进行 RA（即搬家、家庭装修、增加使用适应性设备、家庭支持或个人护理援助）。
与无跌倒史的人相比，有跌倒史的人更有可能进行任何 RA。在进行 RA 的人中，有伤害性跌倒的人比没有跌倒史的人更有可能开始使用适应性设备或增加个人护理援助的使用。
跌倒者更频繁地开始进行 RA，这可能表明他们采取了积极主动的措施来预防未来的跌倒，并且可能受到与医疗保健系统相互作用的影响。为了优化跌倒预防工作，老年人将受益于在跌倒发生之前接受有关 RA 的最佳使用的教育和干预措施。
