Clinical Nutrition & Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
IUBMB Life. 2011 Jan;63(1):7-13. doi: 10.1002/iub.418.
Obesity is rapidly becoming a global epidemic. As it is a significant risk factor for several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, it is imperative to study dietary and lifestyle approaches that help reduce its prevalence. Recently, due to its possible link to appetite control and metabolism, several clinical studies have assessed the effect of low glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) diets on weight loss. To determine the application of GI/GL in the prevention and treatment of obesity, we searched several databases and identified 23 clinical trials that examined low GI/GL diets and weight loss as the primary outcome measure. In general, these studies showed much inconsistency in their findings. While a few studies found significantly greater weight loss on the low GI/GL diets, most of the other studies showed a non-significant trend that favored low GI/GL diets; suggesting that factors other than GI/GL may play a role. It would be helpful if a pooled analysis were undertaken to clarify the current findings and outline the limitations of these studies. There is also a need for more long-term randomized, controlled trials that not only focus on weight loss but also on weight maintenance and body composition.
肥胖症迅速成为全球性的流行病。由于它是多种慢性疾病（包括 2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病）的重要危险因素，因此必须研究有助于降低其发病率的饮食和生活方式方法。最近，由于其可能与食欲控制和新陈代谢有关，因此有几项临床研究评估了低血糖指数（GI）和血糖负荷（GL）饮食对减肥的影响。为了确定 GI/GL 在肥胖症的预防和治疗中的应用，我们检索了多个数据库，确定了 23 项研究低 GI/GL 饮食与减肥作为主要观察指标的临床试验。总的来说，这些研究的结果存在很大的不一致性。虽然有几项研究发现低 GI/GL 饮食可显著减轻体重，但大多数其他研究显示出有利于低 GI/GL 饮食的非显著趋势；这表明可能还有其他因素在起作用。如果能进行汇总分析，以澄清目前的研究结果并概述这些研究的局限性，那将很有帮助。还需要进行更多的长期随机对照试验，不仅要关注减肥，还要关注体重维持和身体成分。
