Center for Health and the Global Environment, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2011 Apr;23(2):221-6. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283444c89.
To present the latest data that demonstrate how climate change affects children's health and to identify the principal ways in which climate change puts children's health at risk.
Data continue to emerge that further implicate climate change as contributing to health burdens in children. Climate models have become even more sophisticated and consistently forecast that greenhouse gas emissions will lead to higher mean temperatures that promote more intense storms and droughts, both of which have profound implications for child health. Recent climate models shed light upon the spread of vector-borne disease, including Lyme disease in North America and malaria in Africa. Modeling studies have found that conditions conducive to forest fires, which generate harmful air pollutants and damage agriculture, are likely to become more prevalent in this century due to the effects of greenhouse gases added to earth's atmosphere.
Through many pathways, and in particular via placing additional stress upon the availability of food, clean air, and clean water and by potentially expanding the burden of disease from certain vector-borne diseases, climate change represents a major threat to child health. Pediatricians have already seen and will increasingly see the adverse health effects of climate change in their practices. Because of this, and many other reasons, pediatricians have a unique capacity to help resolve the climate change problem.
呈现最新数据，表明气候变化如何影响儿童健康，并确定气候变化使儿童健康面临风险的主要途径。
不断有数据表明，气候变化是导致儿童健康负担加重的一个因素。气候模型变得更加复杂，一致预测温室气体排放将导致平均气温升高，从而加剧风暴和干旱，这两者都对儿童健康产生深远影响。最近的气候模型揭示了虫媒传染病的传播，包括北美的莱姆病和非洲的疟疾。建模研究发现，由于地球大气中温室气体的增加，有利于森林火灾发生的条件（森林火灾会产生有害空气污染物并破坏农业）在本世纪可能更加普遍。
气候变化通过多种途径，特别是通过进一步增加食物、清洁空气和清洁水的供应压力，并可能扩大某些虫媒传染病的疾病负担，对儿童健康构成重大威胁。儿科医生已经在实践中看到并将越来越多地看到气候变化对健康的不利影响。由于这个原因以及许多其他原因，儿科医生有独特的能力帮助解决气候变化问题。
