Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, P.O. Box 100 131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
Emotion. 2011 Aug;11(4):975-80. doi: 10.1037/a0023468.
The study tests the hypothesis of an embodied associative triangle among relative tone pitch (i.e., high or low tones), vertical movement, and facial emotion. In particular, it is tested whether relative pitch automatically activates facial expressions of happiness and anger as well as vertical head movements. Results show robust congruency effects: happiness expressions and upward head tilts are imitated faster when paired with high rather than low tones, while anger expressions and downward head tilts are imitated faster when paired with low rather than high tones. The results add to the growing evidence favoring an embodiment account that emphasizes multimodal representations as the basis of cognition, emotion, and action.
该研究检验了相对音高（即高音或低音）、垂直运动和面部表情之间具身联想三角形的假设。具体来说，研究测试了相对音高是否会自动激活快乐和愤怒的面部表情以及垂直头部运动。结果显示出强大的一致性效应：当与高音而非低音配对时，快乐表情和向上的头部倾斜会更快地被模仿，而当与低音而非高音配对时，愤怒表情和向下的头部倾斜会更快地被模仿。这些结果增加了越来越多的支持体现论的证据，该理论强调多模态表示是认知、情感和行动的基础。
