Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of Parma, Italy.
Sleep Med Rev. 2012 Feb;16(1):27-45. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2011.02.003. Epub 2011 May 26.
Cyclic alternating pattern CAP is the EEG marker of unstable sleep, a concept which is poorly appreciated among the metrics of sleep physiology. Besides, duration, depth and continuity, sleep restorative properties depend on the capacity of the brain to create periods of sustained stable sleep. This issue is not confined only to the EEG activities but reverberates upon the ongoing autonomic activity and behavioral functions, which are mutually entrained in a synchronized oscillation. CAP can be identified both in adult and children sleep and therefore represents a sensitive tool for the investigation of sleep disorders across the lifespan. The present review illustrates the story of CAP in the last 25 years, the standardized scoring criteria, the basic physiological properties and how the dimension of sleep instability has provided new insight into pathophysiolology and management of sleep disorders.
周期性交替模式（CAP）是不稳定睡眠的 EEG 标志物，这一概念在睡眠生理学的各项指标中并未得到很好的体现。此外，除了时长、深度和连续性外，睡眠的恢复能力还取决于大脑创造持续稳定睡眠周期的能力。这个问题不仅局限于 EEG 活动，还会影响自主活动和行为功能的持续进行，这些功能在同步振荡中相互关联。CAP 可以在成人和儿童的睡眠中被识别，因此它是研究整个生命周期中睡眠障碍的敏感工具。本综述阐述了过去 25 年来 CAP 的发展历程、标准化评分标准、基本生理特性，以及睡眠不稳定性维度如何为睡眠障碍的病理生理学和治疗提供新的见解。
