Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Research & Testing, Laboratory for Materials-Biology Interactions, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St Gallen, Switzerland.
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2011 Jul;6(5):837-47. doi: 10.2217/nnm.11.88.
New properties of engineered nanomaterials raise great expectations for industrial, scientific as well as medical applications. At the same time concerns among consumers regarding the safety aspects of this new technology emerge. Furthermore, among the multitude of published studies, a considerable number do not reveal reliable data. Thus, standardized, validated, reliable, robust, reproducible and intelligent testing strategies are urgently needed that address nanomaterial toxicity. This article discusses the reliability of currently used in vitro toxicity assays. It covers major problems, pitfalls and challenges of assay performance and validation. We recommend a series of different controls to improve the experimental quality and, thus, also the reliability and reproducibility of current in vitro systems. These recommendations consequently applied in the future will increase the safe and sustainable use of nanotechnology.
工程纳米材料的新特性为工业、科学以及医疗应用带来了巨大的期望。与此同时，消费者对这项新技术的安全方面也产生了担忧。此外，在大量已发表的研究中，相当一部分没有提供可靠的数据。因此，迫切需要标准化、验证、可靠、稳健、可重复和智能的测试策略来解决纳米材料毒性问题。本文讨论了目前用于体外毒性检测的方法的可靠性。它涵盖了检测性能和验证的主要问题、陷阱和挑战。我们建议使用一系列不同的对照来提高实验质量，从而提高当前体外系统的可靠性和可重复性。未来如果能够应用这些建议，将增加纳米技术的安全和可持续使用。
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