Emphysematous pyelonephritis in decompensated diabetes: a case report and review of the literature.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare and severe renal parenchyma necrotizing infection visible just in diabetic patients which results in gas presence--probably produced through the glucose fermentation process--in the collecting system, renal parenchyma and perirenal tissue. We present a case of a not known diabetic female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis of the left kidney and emphysematous pyelitis of the controlateral kidney.