Nikolaev V O
Tsitologiia. 2011;53(8):623-32.
cAMP and cGMP are ubiquitous second messengers regulating a myriad of intracellular functions. Standard biochemical techniques to measure their levels in cells and tissues lack high temporal and any spatial resolution. To enable real-time monitoring of cAMP and cGMP in living cells and physiological systems, we and others have developed several biosensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. This review will describe such novel techniques and discuss their application for various biological questions.
环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）和环磷酸鸟苷（cGMP）是普遍存在的第二信使，调节着无数的细胞内功能。用于测量细胞和组织中它们水平的标准生化技术缺乏高时间分辨率和任何空间分辨率。为了能够实时监测活细胞和生理系统中的cAMP和cGMP，我们和其他人已经开发了几种基于荧光共振能量转移的生物传感器。本综述将描述此类新技术，并讨论它们在各种生物学问题中的应用。
