从莫哈韦响尾蛇（Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus）毒液中分离出一种出血毒素。

Isolation of a hemorrhagic toxin from Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) venom.

作者信息

Martinez M, Rael E D, Maddux N L

机构信息

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas, El Paso 79968.

出版信息

Toxicon. 1990;28(6):685-94. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(90)90257-8.

DOI:10.1016/0041-0101(90)90257-8

PMID:2205951

Abstract

A hemorrhagic toxin was isolated from Mojave rattlesnake venom. The isoelectric point of the toxin was 4.7 and its mol. wt was 27,000. Concentrations as low as 2 micrograms injected s.c. in mice caused hemorrhage greater than 5 mm in diameter. The toxin was fibrinogenolytic and hydrolyzed hide powder azure, casein and collagen. The toxin also partially inactivated complement. It had no activity against elastin, fibrin, and the chromogenic substrates S-2805, S-2302 and S-2238. Its esterolytic activity was 3% of the activity of the unfractionated venom. The enzymatic and hemorrhagic activities were inhibited by EDTA. The hemorrhagic toxin was absent or in low quantities in Mojave rattlesnake venoms containing Mojave toxin. Chromatography by HPLC easily distinguishes Mojave rattlesnake venoms into two types by the presence or absence of the hemorrhagic toxin.

摘要

从莫哈韦响尾蛇毒液中分离出一种出血毒素。该毒素的等电点为4.7，分子量为27000。皮下注射低至2微克的该毒素到小鼠体内，会导致直径大于5毫米的出血。该毒素具有纤维蛋白原溶解活性，能水解皮粉天青、酪蛋白和胶原蛋白。该毒素还能部分灭活补体。它对弹性蛋白、纤维蛋白以及发色底物S - 2805、S - 2302和S - 2238没有活性。其酯解活性为未分级毒液活性的3%。酶活性和出血活性均受到EDTA的抑制。含有莫哈韦毒素的莫哈韦响尾蛇毒液中不存在或仅含有少量出血毒素。通过高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行色谱分析，根据出血毒素的有无，可轻松将莫哈韦响尾蛇毒液分为两种类型。