Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2012 Jan;23(1):16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2011.09.006. Epub 2011 Nov 8.
All metazoan cells produce and/or interact with tissue-specific extracellular matrices (ECMs). Such ECMs play important structural roles not only in connective tissues, but in all tissues in which they provide support and anchorage for cells. However, in addition to such structural roles it has become increasingly clear that the tissue-specific microenvironments formed by the ECM play instructional roles that inform the proper phenotypes and functional behaviors of specialized cell types, and recent in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that ECM components also affect metabolic function. This review summarizes data that provide insights into the roles of the ECM in informing the proper development and functioning of highly specialized cells of metabolic tissues, such as adipocytes and islet β cells.
所有后生动物细胞都会产生和/或与组织特异性细胞外基质(ECM)相互作用。这些 ECM 不仅在结缔组织中起着重要的结构作用,而且在所有组织中,它们为细胞提供支持和固定。然而,除了这些结构作用外,越来越明显的是,ECM 形成的组织特异性微环境发挥着指导作用,告知专门细胞类型的适当表型和功能行为,最近的体内和体外研究表明,ECM 成分也会影响代谢功能。本综述总结了一些数据,这些数据深入了解 ECM 在告知代谢组织中高度特化细胞(如脂肪细胞和胰岛β细胞)的正常发育和功能中的作用。