Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
Psychopathology. 2012;45(1):22-8. doi: 10.1159/000325170. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
Alexithymia is characterized by restrictions in the perception, differentiation and regulation of affects. It is considered to be an important vulnerability factor for the development of mental disorders. Little is known, however, of whether alexithymia is associated with specific mental disorders.
Data from 1,461 patients of an outpatient clinic for psychosomatic medicine with various mental disorders (depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, somatoform disorders, eating disorders, and psychological and behavioral factors of physical illness) were collected between January 2007 and October 2009. The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) was administered to study alexithymia. The diagnoses were made following ICD-10 guidelines.
In our sample, the total prevalence of alexithymia (TAS-20 ≥ 61) was 21.36%. The percentage of alexithymic patients was significantly increased in the group of patients with depressive disorders (26.9%) as compared to other diagnostic groups. Using TAS-20 as a continuous measure, multiple hierarchical regression analyses revealed that higher TAS-20 total scores were significantly associated with depressive and anxiety disorders. However, after controlling for the level of depression, the association of anxiety disorders with alexithymia was no longer significant. With regard to TAS-20 subscales, 'difficulty describing feelings' (subscale 2) was also significantly related to depressive disorders.
According to the results, the prevalence of alexithymia is relatively high in patients with mental disorders. The increased prevalence of highly alexithymic subjects suggests that alexithymia is associated with a higher vulnerability to mental illness. The prevalence of alexithymia was especially increased for depressive disorders. Thus, further evidence supporting the concept of 'alexithymic depression' was provided. From a therapeutic perspective, treatments should be developed that take the specific needs of highly alexithymic patients into account.
述情障碍的特征是在感知、区分和调节情感方面存在限制。它被认为是精神障碍发展的一个重要脆弱性因素。然而，人们对述情障碍是否与特定的精神障碍有关知之甚少。
本研究于 2007 年 1 月至 2009 年 10 月期间，从一家身心医学门诊的 1461 名患有各种精神障碍（抑郁障碍、焦虑障碍、适应障碍、躯体形式障碍、饮食障碍和身心疾病的心理和行为因素）的患者中收集数据。采用 20 项多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS-20）来研究述情障碍。根据 ICD-10 指南进行诊断。
在我们的样本中，述情障碍（TAS-20≥61）的总患病率为 21.36%。与其他诊断组相比，抑郁障碍组的述情障碍患者比例显著增加。使用 TAS-20 作为连续测量，多元层次回归分析显示，较高的 TAS-20 总分与抑郁和焦虑障碍显著相关。然而，在控制抑郁水平后，焦虑障碍与述情障碍的关联不再显著。就 TAS-20 子量表而言，“难以描述感受”（子量表 2）与抑郁障碍也显著相关。
根据研究结果，精神障碍患者中述情障碍的患病率相对较高。高度述情障碍患者的患病率增加表明，述情障碍与更高的精神疾病易感性有关。述情障碍的患病率在抑郁障碍中尤其增加。因此，提供了进一步支持“述情性抑郁”概念的证据。从治疗的角度来看，应开发出考虑高度述情障碍患者特殊需求的治疗方法。
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