Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Nat Immunol. 2012 Feb 16;13(3):214-22. doi: 10.1038/ni.2229.
Intrinsic antiviral immunity refers to a form of innate immunity that directly restricts viral replication and assembly, thereby rendering a cell nonpermissive to a specific class or species of viruses. Intrinsic immunity is conferred by restriction factors that are mostly preexistent in certain cell types, although these factors can be further induced by viral infection. Intrinsic virus-restriction factors recognize specific viral components, but unlike other pattern-recognition receptors that inhibit viral infection indirectly by inducing interferons and other antiviral molecules, intrinsic antiviral factors block viral replication immediately and directly. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding of the roles of intrinsic antiviral factors that restrict infection by human immunodeficiency virus and influenza virus.
固有抗病毒免疫是一种先天免疫形式，可直接限制病毒复制和组装，从而使细胞对特定类别或种属的病毒不具有易感性。固有免疫由限制因子赋予，这些限制因子大多预先存在于某些细胞类型中，但这些因子也可以被病毒感染进一步诱导。固有抗病毒因子识别特定的病毒成分，但与其他通过诱导干扰素和其他抗病毒分子间接抑制病毒感染的模式识别受体不同，固有抗病毒因子立即直接阻断病毒复制。本综述重点介绍了固有抗病毒因子在限制人类免疫缺陷病毒和流感病毒感染方面作用的最新研究进展。
