Prior cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery as a complication risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

BACKGROUND

Patients with both cardiothoracic lesions and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are increasing in Japan. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect of 2-staged surgery on complication rates.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Three hundred and forty-six patients who underwent elective surgery for infrarenal AAA were entered. History of cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery within 1 year before AAA repair was recorded. A retrospective study regarding perioperative complications was performed. Operative mortality and complication rates were 0.6% and 10.7%, respectively. Seventy patients (20.2%) underwent prior cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery before AAA repair. There was no significant difference in preoperative characteristics between the group with prior cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery and the group without prior surgery. Significant risk factors for postoperative morbidity were: (1) prior cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery (odds ratio [OR] 2.5; 95%CI 1.1-5.1); (2) open aneurysm repair (OAR) (OR 2.7; 95%CI 1.3-5.1); and (3) VSG-CRI score ≥6 (OR 2.9; 95%CI 1.2-6.8). Subanalysis revealed that, although prior cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery was still a risk within patients undergoing OAR, it was not a risk factor for patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR).

CONCLUSIONS

Prior cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery carries high risk for AAA repair. To lower complication rates, we propose to perform EVAR on these patients if they are anatomically suitable.