Liu Chang-Xin, Wang Yu-Fei, Wang Hai-Lin, Hao Zheng-Ping, Wang Zheng
Institute of Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080 China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 Dec;32(12):3509-14.
In this paper, environmental tax was designed to control volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) model was used to explore the impacts of environmental tax (in forms of indirect tax) on the macro-economy development at both national and sector levels. Different levels of tax were simulated to find out the proper tax rate. It is found out that imposing environmental tax on high emission sectors can cause the emission decreased immediately and can lead to negative impacts on macro-economy indicators, such as GDP (gross domestic products), total investment, total product and the whole consumption etc. However, only the government income increased. In addition, the higher the tax rate is, the more pollutants can be reduced and the worse economic effects can be caused. Consequently, it is suggested that, the main controlling policies of VOCs abatement should be mandatory orders, and low environmental tax can be implemented as a supplementary.
本文中,环境税旨在控制挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)排放。可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型用于探究环境税(以间接税形式)对国家和部门层面宏观经济发展的影响。模拟了不同水平的税收以找出合适的税率。研究发现,对高排放部门征收环境税可使排放量立即减少,并对宏观经济指标产生负面影响,如国内生产总值(GDP)、总投资、总产出和整体消费等。然而,只有政府收入增加。此外,税率越高,可减少的污染物越多,但造成的经济影响越差。因此,建议挥发性有机化合物减排的主要控制政策应为强制性命令,并可实施低环境税作为补充。