Department of Health Education, San Francisco State University, California, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2012 May;42(5):452-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.008.
Physical education policies have received increased attention as a means for improving physical activity levels, enhancing physical fitness, and contributing to childhood obesity prevention. Although compliance at the school and district levels is likely to be critical for the success of physical education policies, few published studies have focused on this issue.
This study investigated whether school district-level compliance with California physical education policies was associated with physical fitness among 5th-grade public-school students in California.
Cross-sectional data from FITNESSGRAM(®) 2004-2006, district-level compliance with state physical education requirements for 2004-2006, school- and district-level information, and 2000 U.S. Census data were combined to examine the association between district-level compliance with physical education policies and children's fitness levels. The analysis was completed in 2010.
Of the 55 districts with compliance data, 28 (50%) were in compliance with state physical education mandates; these districts represented 21% (216) of schools and 18% (n=16,571) of students in the overall study sample. Controlling for other student-, school-, and district-level characteristics, students in policy-compliant districts were more likely than students in noncompliant districts to meet or exceed physical fitness standards (AOR=1.29, 95% CI=1.03, 1.61).
Policy mandates for physical education in schools may contribute to improvements in children's fitness levels, but their success is likely to depend on mechanisms to ensure compliance.
作为提高身体活动水平、增强体质和预防儿童肥胖的手段，体育政策受到了越来越多的关注。尽管学校和地区层面的合规性对于体育政策的成功可能至关重要，但很少有已发表的研究关注这一问题。
本研究调查了加利福尼亚州学区层面的体育政策合规性是否与加利福尼亚州 5 年级公立学校学生的体质健康相关。
使用 FITNESSGRAM（®）2004-2006 年的横断面数据、2004-2006 年州体育教育要求的学区合规数据、学校和学区信息以及 2000 年美国人口普查数据，来检验学区层面的体育政策合规性与儿童体质健康水平之间的关联。分析于 2010 年完成。
在有合规数据的 55 个学区中，有 28 个（50%）符合州体育教育要求；这些学区代表了研究总样本中 21%（216 所）的学校和 18%（n=16571）的学生。在控制了其他学生、学校和学区层面的特征后，政策合规学区的学生比不合规学区的学生更有可能达到或超过体质健康标准（调整后的比值比[AOR]=1.29，95%置信区间[CI]=1.03，1.61）。
学校体育政策的授权可能有助于提高儿童的体质健康水平，但政策的成功可能取决于确保合规的机制。
