Brown G E, Howe A R, Jones T E
Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Martin 38238.
Psychol Rep. 1990 Oct;67(2):635-40. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1990.67.2.635.
Cockroaches exposed to one day of escapable shock prior to three days of inescapable shock did not become helpless on a shuttlebox-escape task. Like dogs and rats, cockroaches are immunized against learned helplessness by prior experience with escapable shock.