癌症报警症状报告与社会经济和人口决定因素之间的关联：基于人群的横断面研究。
Associations between reporting of cancer alarm symptoms and socioeconomic and demographic determinants: a population-based, cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, JB, Winsløwsvej 9A, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2012 Aug 22;12:686. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-686.
BACKGROUND
Reporting of symptoms which may signal cancer is the first step in the diagnostic pathway of cancer diseases. Cancer alarm symptoms are common in the general population. Public awareness and knowledge of cancer symptoms are sparse, however, and many people do not seek medical help when having possible cancer symptoms. As social inequality is associated with cancer knowledge, cancer awareness, and information-seeking, our hypothesis is that social inequality may also exist in the general population with respect to reporting of cancer alarm symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between socioeconomic and demographic determinants and reporting of common cancer alarm symptoms.
METHODS
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was performed based on a stratified sample of the Danish general population. A total of 13 777 randomly selected persons aged 20 years and older participated. Our main outcome measures were weighted prevalence estimates of self-reporting one of the following cancer alarm symptoms during the preceding 12 months: a lump in the breast, coughing for more than 6 weeks, seen blood in urine, or seen blood in stool. Logistic regression models were used to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for the associations between each covariate and reporting of cancer alarm symptoms.
RESULTS
A total of 2 098 (15.7%) of the participants reported one or more cancer alarm symptoms within the preceding 12 months.Women, subjects out of the workforce, and subjects with a cancer diagnosis had statistically significantly higher odds of reporting one or more cancer alarm symptoms. Subjects with older age and subjects living with a partner had lower odds of reporting one or more cancer alarm symptoms. When analysing the four alarm symptoms of cancer separately most tendencies persisted.
CONCLUSIONS
Socioeconomic and demographic determinants are associated with self-reporting of common cancer alarm symptoms.
背景
报告可能提示癌症的症状是癌症疾病诊断途径的第一步。癌症报警症状在普通人群中很常见。然而，公众对癌症症状的认识和了解很匮乏，许多人在出现可能的癌症症状时并不寻求医疗帮助。由于社会不平等与癌症知识、癌症意识和信息寻求有关，我们的假设是，在报告癌症报警症状方面，普通人群中也可能存在社会不平等。本研究旨在调查社会经济和人口统计学决定因素与常见癌症报警症状报告之间可能存在的关联。
方法
基于丹麦普通人群的分层样本进行了横断面问卷调查。共有 13777 名年龄在 20 岁及以上的随机选择的人参与了研究。我们的主要结局指标是在过去 12 个月内自我报告以下一种或多种癌症报警症状的加权患病率估计值：乳房肿块、咳嗽超过 6 周、血尿或粪便中带血。使用逻辑回归模型计算了每个协变量与报告癌症报警症状之间的未经调整和调整后的优势比及其 95%置信区间。
结果
共有 2098 名（15.7%）参与者在过去 12 个月内报告了一种或多种癌症报警症状。女性、非劳动力人口和有癌症诊断的人报告一种或多种癌症报警症状的几率具有统计学意义。年龄较大和与伴侣同住的人报告一种或多种癌症报警症状的几率较低。当分别分析四种癌症报警症状时，大多数趋势仍然存在。
结论
社会经济和人口统计学决定因素与常见癌症报警症状的自我报告有关。
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