改良 Delphi 翻译策略与国际护理实践分类（ICNP®）的挑战。

A modified Delphi translation strategy and challenges of International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP®).

机构信息

Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.

出版信息

Int J Med Inform. 2013 May;82(5):418-26. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2012.08.002. Epub 2012 Sep 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2012.08.002

PMID:22981591

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Standardized terminology is an important infrastructure component of the electronic health record. ICNP(®) is a systemic coding system that can support the development of nursing information systems. Translation of the standardized terminology preferred terms into local terms is an important first step in the translation process. The purpose of this case report is to describe the translation strategy used and challenges faced in translating ICNP(®) Version 2 preferred terms from English to traditional Chinese.

METHODS

A modified Delphi strategy using forward translation and expert consensus was conducted to facilitate semantic and cultural translation and validation of the ICNP(®) and to make the process generalizable. A nursing informatics expert completed the initial forward translation. Five nursing experts with rich clinical and academic experiences joined this process and validated the initial translation. The nursing experts' consensus was then used to finalize the traditional Chinese terms.

RESULTS

A total of 1863 preferred terms from the ICNP(®) Version 2 were translated from English into traditional Chinese. Majority agreement from two or more nursing experts was achieved for 98.3% (n=1832) of the preferred term translations. Less than 2% (n=31) of terms had no majority agreement. Translation challenges include the following: (1) changes in code structure of preferred terms from the ICNP(®) β2 version to Verson 2, (2) inability to identify resources to complete the translation that fully met ICNP recommendations for terminology translators, (3) ambiguous preferred term descriptions, and (4) ambiguous preferred term names.

CONCLUSIONS

Most of the ICNP(®) Version 2 preferred terms were translated from English into traditional Chinese with majority consensus. For the terms without consensus, we recommend that all synonyms be included in the ICNP(®) translation. In countries like Taiwan where nursing education occurs in English, it is recommended that English terms are displayed along with the translated official language to help nurses to interpret and use the terminology correctly.

摘要

背景与目的

标准化术语是电子健康记录的重要基础组成部分。国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)）是一种系统编码系统，可支持护理信息系统的发展。将标准化术语首选术语翻译为当地术语是翻译过程中的重要第一步。本病例报告的目的是描述将国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)）第 2 版首选术语从英文翻译成繁体中文时使用的翻译策略以及面临的挑战。

方法

采用正向翻译和专家共识的改良 Delphi 策略，促进语义和文化翻译的准确性，并验证国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)），使过程具有普遍性。一名护理信息学专家完成了初步的正向翻译。五位具有丰富临床和学术经验的护理专家参与了这一过程，并验证了初始翻译。然后，护理专家的共识用于确定繁体中文术语。

结果

从国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)）第 2 版翻译了 1863 个首选术语，从英文翻译成繁体中文。对于 98.3%（n=1832）的首选术语翻译，有两名或更多护理专家达成了多数共识。不到 2%（n=31）的术语没有多数共识。翻译挑战包括以下几点：（1）国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)）β2 版到 Verson 2 版首选术语代码结构的变化，（2）无法找到完全符合国际疾病分类术语翻译人员建议的资源来完成翻译，（3）首选术语描述不明确，（4）首选术语名称不明确。

结论

大多数国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)）第 2 版首选术语从英文翻译成繁体中文，并达成了多数共识。对于没有共识的术语，建议将所有同义词都包含在国际疾病分类临床修订版（ICNP(®)）的翻译中。在像台湾这样的护理教育以英语进行的国家/地区，建议同时显示英文术语和翻译后的官方语言，以帮助护士正确解释和使用术语。