中年及老年成年人叙述中的注意力与离题言语：一项初步调查
Attention and Off-Topic Speech in the Recounts of Middle-Age and Elderly Adults: A Pilot Investigation.
作者信息
Wills Courtney L, Capilouto Gilson J, Wright Heather Harris
机构信息
University of Kentucky, Lexington.
出版信息
Contemp Issues Commun Sci Disord. 2012 Fall;39:105-112.
PURPOSE
The discourse of healthy older adults is commonly described as being lengthy and off-topic and is thought to be associated with a general cognitive decline that accompanies healthy aging. The purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the overall decline in attention associated with healthy aging and its relationship to instances of off-topic speech (OTS). METHOD: Thirty cognitively healthy adults divided into 5 age cohorts (40-80) completed cognitive measures of attention and several discourse tasks that included recounting personal events. RESULTS: Cohorts differed significantly with respect to the measures of attention. However, no significant differences in the incidence of OTS were detected between the cohorts. Attention and the incidence of OTS were not significantly correlated within any of the cohorts. CONCLUSION: No significant differences in the incidence of OTS and its relation to attention measures were found. However, the relationship between age-related declines in attention and increased OTS approached significance, suggesting the need for further study.
目的
健康老年人的话语通常被描述为冗长且离题，并且被认为与健康衰老伴随的一般认知衰退有关。这项初步研究的目的是调查与健康衰老相关的注意力整体衰退及其与离题言语（OTS）实例的关系。方法：30名认知健康的成年人被分为5个年龄组（40 - 80岁），完成了注意力的认知测量以及包括讲述个人事件在内的几项话语任务。结果：各年龄组在注意力测量方面存在显著差异。然而，各年龄组之间未检测到OTS发生率的显著差异。在任何一个年龄组中，注意力与OTS发生率均无显著相关性。结论：未发现OTS发生率及其与注意力测量的关系存在显著差异。然而，与年龄相关的注意力衰退与OTS增加之间的关系接近显著水平，这表明需要进一步研究。
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