Department of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast Queensland 4229, Australia.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2012 Nov-Dec;44(5):410-7. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2012.736842.
Psychedelic drugs have long been known to be capable of inducing mystical or transcendental experiences. However, given the common "recreational" nature of much present-day psychedelic use, with typical doses tending to be lower than those commonly taken in the 1960s, the extent to which illicit use of psychedelics today is associated with mystical experiences is not known. Furthermore the mild psychedelic MDMA ("Ecstasy") is more popular today than "full" psychedelics such as LSD or psilocybin, and the contribution of illicit MDMA use to mystical experiences is not known. The present study recruited 337 adults from the website and newsletter of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), most of whom reported use of a variety of drugs both licit and illicit including psychedelics. Although only a quarter of the sample reported "spiritual" motives for using psychedelics, use of LSD and psilocybin was significantly positively related to scores on two well-known indices of mystical experiences in a dose-related manner, whereas use of MDMA, cannabis, cocaine, opiates and alcohol was not. Results suggest that even in today's context of "recreational" drug use, psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin, when taken at higher doses, continue to induce mystical experiences in many users.
迷幻药物长期以来被认为能够诱发神秘或超越性的体验。然而，鉴于当今大多数迷幻药物的使用通常具有“娱乐”性质，典型剂量往往低于 20 世纪 60 年代的常用剂量，因此目前非法使用迷幻药物与神秘体验之间的关联程度尚不清楚。此外，轻度迷幻剂 MDMA（“摇头丸”）比 LSD 或裸盖菇素等“全效”迷幻剂更为流行，非法使用 MDMA 对神秘体验的影响也不得而知。本研究招募了来自多学科迷幻药物研究协会（MAPS）网站和通讯的 337 名成年人，他们中的大多数人报告称使用了各种合法和非法药物，包括迷幻药物。尽管只有四分之一的样本报告称使用迷幻药物有“精神”动机，但 LSD 和裸盖菇素的使用与两个著名的神秘体验指数的得分呈正相关，且与剂量有关，而 MDMA、大麻、可卡因、阿片类药物和酒精的使用则没有。结果表明，即使在当今“娱乐”性药物使用的背景下，LSD 和裸盖菇素等迷幻药物在较高剂量下仍会在许多使用者中引发神秘体验。
