Department of Biological Chemistry, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2013 Jun;23(3):436-42. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
Cells are constantly exposed to various oxidants, either generated endogenously due to metabolic activity or exogenously. One way that cells respond to oxidants is through the action of redox-regulated proteins. These proteins also play important roles in oxidant signaling and protein biogenesis events. The key sensors built into redox-regulated proteins are cysteines, which undergo reversible thiol oxidation in response to changes in the oxidation status of the cellular environment. In this review, we discuss three examples of redox-regulated proteins found in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. These proteins use oxidation of their redox-sensitive cysteines to reversibly convert large structural domains into more disordered regions or vice versa. These massive structural rearrangements are directly implicated in the functions of these proteins.
细胞不断受到各种氧化剂的影响,这些氧化剂要么是由代谢活动产生的内源的,要么是外源性的。细胞应对氧化剂的一种方式是通过氧化还原调节蛋白的作用。这些蛋白质在氧化剂信号转导和蛋白质生物发生事件中也起着重要作用。氧化还原调节蛋白中内置的关键传感器是半胱氨酸,它会在细胞环境的氧化状态发生变化时发生可逆的硫醇氧化。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了在细菌、线粒体和叶绿体中发现的三种氧化还原调节蛋白的例子。这些蛋白质利用其氧化还原敏感半胱氨酸的氧化作用,将大的结构域可逆地转化为更无序的区域,或者反之亦然。这些大规模的结构重排直接涉及这些蛋白质的功能。