听力损失对儿童在语音噪声或双说话人掩蔽下识别重读词的影响。
Influence of hearing loss on children's identification of spondee words in a speech-shaped noise or a two-talker masker.
机构信息
Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Medicine Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
出版信息
Ear Hear. 2013 Sep;34(5):575-84. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3182857742.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the influence of hearing loss on children's speech-perception abilities in a speech-shaped noise or a two-talker masker. For both masker conditions, it was predicted that children with hearing loss would require a more advantageous signal to noise ratio (SNR) than children with normal hearing to achieve the same criterion level of performance. However, it was hypothesized that the performance gap between children with hearing loss and children with normal hearing would be larger in the two-talker than in the speech-shaped noise masker.
DESIGN
A repeated-measures design compared the spondee identification performance of two age groups of children with hearing loss (9-11 and 13-17 years of age) and a group of children with normal hearing (9-11 years of age) in continuous speech-shaped noise or a two-talker masker. Estimates of the SNR required for 70.7% correct spondee identification were obtained using an adaptive, four-alternative, forced-choice procedure. Children were tested in the sound field. Children with hearing loss wore their personal hearing aids at their regular settings during testing.
RESULTS
Both groups of children with hearing loss performed more poorly than children with normal hearing in the speech-shaped noise masker. Younger children required an additional 2.7 dB SNR and older children required an additional 4.7 dB SNR to achieve the same level of performance as children with normal hearing. This disadvantage decreased to 8.1 dB for both age groups of children with hearing loss in the two-talker masker. For children with hearing loss, degree of hearing loss was significantly correlated with performance in the speech-shaped noise masker, but not in the two-talker masker.
CONCLUSIONS
A larger performance gap was observed between children with hearing loss and children with normal hearing in competing speech than in steady state noise. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that hearing loss influenced children's perceptual processing abilities.
目的
本研究评估了听力损失对儿童在语音噪声或双说话人掩蔽下言语感知能力的影响。对于这两种掩蔽条件，都预测听力损失的儿童需要比正常听力的儿童更有利的信噪比（SNR）才能达到相同的性能标准。但是，假设听力损失儿童和正常听力儿童之间的表现差距在双说话人掩蔽中会大于语音噪声掩蔽。
设计
一项重复测量设计比较了两组听力损失儿童（9-11 岁和 13-17 岁）和一组正常听力儿童在连续语音噪声或双说话人掩蔽下的短句识别表现。使用自适应、四选一、强制选择程序获得了 70.7%正确短句识别所需的 SNR 估计值。儿童在声场中接受测试。听力损失的儿童在测试期间佩戴他们的个人助听器，设置为常规设置。
结果
两组听力损失的儿童在语音噪声掩蔽中表现均不如正常听力儿童。年幼的儿童需要额外的 2.7 dB SNR，而年长的儿童需要额外的 4.7 dB SNR 才能达到与正常听力儿童相同的性能水平。在双说话人掩蔽中，两组听力损失的儿童的这种劣势均降低至 8.1 dB。对于听力损失的儿童，听力损失程度与语音噪声掩蔽中的表现显著相关，但与双说话人掩蔽中的表现无关。
结论
在竞争语音中，听力损失儿童与正常听力儿童之间的表现差距大于在稳态噪声中。这些结果与听力损失影响儿童感知处理能力的假设一致。
Zotero 插件