新英格兰地区大学校园健康中心的 HIV 检测实践。
HIV testing practices among New England college health centers.
机构信息
Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Miriam Hospital, 1125 North Main Street, Providence, RI 02904, USA.
出版信息
AIDS Res Ther. 2013 Mar 18;10(1):8. doi: 10.1186/1742-6405-10-8.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to increase among certain populations including young men who have sex with men (MSM). College campuses represent a potential setting to engage young adults and institute prevention interventions including HIV testing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate testing practices for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on college campuses.
METHODS
Medical directors at four-year residential baccalaureate college health centers in New England were surveyed from June, 2011 to September, 2011. Thirty-one interviews were completed regarding experiences with HIV testing, acute HIV infection, other STI testing, and outreach efforts targeting specific at-risk groups such as MSM.
RESULTS
Among schools that responded to the survey, less than five percent of students were tested for HIV at their local college health center in the past academic year (2010-2011). Significant barriers to HIV testing included cost and availability of rapid antibody testing. One-third of college health medical directors reported that their practitioners may not feel comfortable recognizing acute HIV infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Improved HIV testing practices are needed on college campuses. Programs should focus on outreach efforts targeting MSM and other at-risk populations.
背景
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）在某些人群中的流行率持续上升，包括男男性行为者（MSM）等年轻男性。大学校园是吸引年轻人并实施预防干预措施（包括 HIV 检测）的潜在场所。本研究旨在评估大学校园的 HIV 和其他性传播感染（STI）检测实践。
方法
2011 年 6 月至 9 月，对新英格兰地区的四所四年制住宿制学院卫生中心的医疗主任进行了调查。完成了 31 次访谈，内容涉及 HIV 检测、急性 HIV 感染、其他 STI 检测以及针对 MSM 等特定高危人群的外展工作。
结果
在对调查做出回应的学校中，过去一个学年（2010-2011 年）在当地学院卫生中心接受 HIV 检测的学生比例不到 5%。HIV 检测的主要障碍包括快速抗体检测的费用和可用性。三分之一的学院卫生医疗主任报告说，他们的从业者可能对识别急性 HIV 感染感到不舒服。
结论
需要改善大学校园的 HIV 检测实践。计划应侧重于针对 MSM 和其他高危人群的外展工作。
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