皮质纹状体连接及其在疾病中的作用。
Corticostriatal connectivity and its role in disease.
机构信息
Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. g-shepherd@ northwestern.edu
出版信息
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013 Apr;14(4):278-91. doi: 10.1038/nrn3469.
Abstract
Corticostriatal projections are essential components of forebrain circuits and are widely involved in motivated behaviour. These axonal projections are formed by two distinct classes of cortical neurons, intratelencephalic (IT) and pyramidal tract (PT) neurons. Convergent evidence points to IT versus PT differentiation of the corticostriatal system at all levels of functional organization, from cellular signalling mechanisms to circuit topology. There is also growing evidence for IT/PT imbalance as an aetiological factor in neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric and movement disorders - autism, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, Huntington's and Parkinson's diseases and major depression are highlighted here.
摘要
皮质纹状体投射是前脑回路的重要组成部分，广泛参与动机行为。这些轴突投射由两类不同的皮质神经元形成，即脑内（IT）和皮质脊髓束（PT）神经元。越来越多的证据表明，从细胞信号机制到回路拓扑，皮质纹状体系统在功能组织的各个层次上都存在 IT 与 PT 的分化。越来越多的证据表明，IT/PT 失衡是神经发育、神经精神和运动障碍的病因因素——自闭症、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、强迫症、精神分裂症、亨廷顿病和帕金森病以及重度抑郁症就是很好的例子。
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