Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Oslo, Norway.
Acta Paediatr. 2013 Jul;102(7):666-8. doi: 10.1111/apa.12258. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
The numbers of refugee adolescents that arrive in Europe without their families has increased in recent years, particularly in Sweden. Research has demonstrated that these children have high rates of mental health problems, particularly depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, during the first years after resettlement. Despite this, there are also indications that many of these unaccompanied children are resourceful and arrive with a clear vision of a positive future in the new country. Follow-up studies in the United States and Norway have indicated fairly good social outcomes in the long term.
The education and care that unaccompanied minors receive during the first years after resettlement, together with their own drive to create a positive future, are key factors in their mental health and long-term adjustment.
近年来,抵达欧洲的没有家人陪伴的难民青少年数量有所增加,尤其是在瑞典。研究表明,这些孩子在重新安置后的头几年里,心理健康问题的发生率很高,特别是抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍。尽管如此,也有迹象表明,这些无人陪伴的孩子中的许多人都很有办法,并且对新国家的美好未来有着清晰的愿景。美国和挪威的后续研究表明,从长期来看,这些孩子会有相当不错的社会成果。
无人陪伴的未成年人在重新安置后的头几年所接受的教育和关怀,以及他们自己创造美好未来的动力,是他们心理健康和长期适应的关键因素。